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PP v. BILLION NOVA SDN BHD & ORS [2016] 2 CLJ 763
COURT OF APPEAL, PUTRAJAYA
LIM YEE LAN JCA, VARGHESE GEORGE JCA, IDRUS HARUN JCA
[CRIMINAL APPEAL NO: Q-09-305-10-2014]
13 JANUARY 2016

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE: Forfeiture - Customs and excise - Application under s. 56(1) of Anti-Money Laundering and Anti-Terrorism Financing Act 2001 - Forfeiture of money - Whether conditions for exercise of power by Public Prosecutor fulfilled - Whether offence under s. 135(1)(g) of Customs Act 1967 proven

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE: Forfeiture - Customs and excise - Application under s. 56(1) of Anti-Money Laundering and Anti-Terrorism Financing Act 2001 ('AMLATFA') - Forfeiture of money allegedly related to customs offences - Standard of proof - Whether on balance of probabilities - Whether sales of cigarettes in principal customs area or offence under s. 4(1) AMLATFA proven - Whether predicate offence under s. 135(1)(g) of Customs Act 1967 proven - Whether proof of payments from principal customs area sufficient to prove predicate offence

CRIMINAL LAW: Money laundering - Forfeiture - Allegation of sale transaction of duty free cigarettes in 'principle customs area' - Whether respondents committed offence under s. 135(1)(g) of Customs Act 1967 - Whether sums seized proceeds of unlawful activities - Whether prosecution established case

Legal Network Series

CLJ 2016 Volume 2 (Part 5)

FEDERAL COURT

Malaysian International Trading Corporation Sdn Bhd v. RHB Bank Bhd
Abdull Hamid Embong, Suriyadi Halim Omar, Hasan Lah, Azahar Mohamed, Zaharah Ibrahim FCJJ
(Banking; Civil Procedure - Security for advances - Illegal monies) [2016] 2 CLJ 717 [FC]

COURT OF APPEAL

Amber Court Management Corporation & Ors v. Hong Gan Gui & Anor
Varghese George, Idrus Harun, Badariah Sahamid JJCA
(Civil Procedure - Action - Capacity to sue - Defamation) [2016] 2 CLJ 751 [CA]

PP v. Billion Nova Sdn Bhd & Ors
Lim Yee Lan, Varghese George, Idrus Harun JJCA
(Criminal Procedure; Criminal Law - Forfeiture - Customs and excise - Application under s. 56(1) of Anti-Money Laundering and Anti-Terrorism Financing Act 2001 ('AMLATFA')) [2016] 2 CLJ 763 [CA]

Setiausaha Suruhanjaya Pasukan Polis & Ors v. Cheah Yen Khee & Another Appeal
Clement Skinner, Alizatul Khair Osman, Rohana Yusuf JJCA
(Administrative Law; Public Servants - Rules of natural justice - Dismissal of police officer) [2016] 2 CLJ 789 [CA]

Wong Soon Choon v. PP
Mohtarudin Baki, Hamid Sultan Abu Backer, Ahmadi Asnawi JJCA
(Criminal Procedure; Evidence - Witness - Identification of accused person) [2016] 2 CLJ 807 [CA]

HIGH COURT

Ketua Pengarah Hasil Dalam Negeri v. Marigold Industries (M) Sdn Bhd
Wong Kian Kheong JC
(Revenue Law; Statutory Interpretation - Income tax - Special Commissioners - Deciding order) [2016] 2 CLJ 823 [HC]

PP lwn. Muhammad Fadhil Ibrahim
Mohamad Shariff Abu Samah PK
(Undang-undang Jenayah; Prosedur Jenayah - Kanun Keseksaan - Seksyen 130J(1)(a) - Cubaan memberi sokongan dan manfaat pada kumpulan pengganas Islamic State ('IS')) [2016] 2 CLJ 848 [HC]

PP lwn. Ooi Wei Yhee & Satu Lagi
Abu Bakar Katar PK
(Undang-undang Jenayah; Prosedur Jenayah; Perkataan & Istilah - Akta Antipemerdagangan Orang dan Antipenyeludupan Migran 2007 - Seksyen 12 - Intipati kesalahan 'bagi maksud eksploitasi kerja paksa') [2016] 2 CLJ 861 [HC]

Tan Kok Sung v. Yap Sew Moy & Ors
Lee Swee Seng J
(Family Law - Maintenance - Maintenance of wife) [2016] 2 CLJ 872 [HC]

SUBJECT INDEX

ADMINISTRATIVE LAW

Judicial review - Dismissal of police officer - Whether valid - Whether extraneous and irrelevant factors taken into account - Whether affidavit submitted bore no relationship to charge - Whether allegations in affidavit amounted to new charge - Failure to afford opportunity to explain or rebut allegations - Whether breach of fundamental principles of natural justice - Whether dismissal null and void - Federal Constitution, art. 135(2)
Setiausaha Suruhanjaya Pasukan Polis & Ors v. Cheah Yen Khee & Another Appeal
(Clement Skinner, Alizatul Khair Osman, Rohana Yusuf JJCA) [2016] 2 CLJ 789 [CA]

Rules of natural justice - Dismissal of police officer - Whether valid - Whether extraneous and irrelevant factors taken into account - Whether affidavit submitted bore no relationship to charge - Whether allegations in affidavit amounted to new charge - Failure to afford opportunity to explain or rebut allegations - Whether breach of fundamental principles of natural justice - Whether dismissal null and void - Federal Constitution, art. 135(2)
Setiausaha Suruhanjaya Pasukan Polis & Ors v. Cheah Yen Khee & Another Appeal
(Clement Skinner, Alizatul Khair Osman, Rohana Yusuf JJCA) [2016] 2 CLJ 789 [CA]

BANKING

Banker and customer - Securities - Retention of customer's security - Monies in deposit account pledged by judgment debtor ('JD') as security for banking facility - Application by judgment creditor to garnish monies in deposit accounts - Whether JD's interests in deposit accounts conditional upon full repayment of banking facility - Whether debt due by JD actionable
Malaysian International Trading Corporation Sdn Bhd v. RHB Bank Bhd
(Abdull Hamid Embong, Suriyadi Halim Omar, Hasan Lah, Azahar Mohamed, Zaharah Ibrahim FCJJ) [2016] 2 CLJ 717 [FC]

Security for advances - Illegal monies - Monies in fixed deposit accounts pledged with bank as security - Monies obtained from illegal sources - Whether bank a bona fide recipient for value and without notice - Whether rights of bank over security affected by illegal conduct of depositors - Whether obligation on bank to ascertain source of monies deposited
Malaysian International Trading Corporation Sdn Bhd v. RHB Bank Bhd
(Abdull Hamid Embong, Suriyadi Halim Omar, Hasan Lah, Azahar Mohamed, Zaharah Ibrahim FCJJ) [2016] 2 CLJ 717 [FC]

CIVIL PROCEDURE

Action - Capacity to sue - Defamation - Action by management corporation and its council members - Locus standi - Whether management corporation could maintain action for defamation - Whether council members could bring action on behalf of management council - Whether claim maintainable under Strata Titles Act 1985 and common law - Whether claim ought to be struck out - Strata Titles Act 1985, ss. 39(3), 43(1)
Amber Court Management Corporation & Ors v. Hong Gan Gui & Anor
(Varghese George, Idrus Harun, Badariah Sahamid JJCA) [2016] 2 CLJ 751 [CA]

Execution - Garnishee proceedings - Monies in deposit account pledged by judgment debtor ('JD') as security for banking facility - Application by judgment creditor ('JC') to garnish monies - Monies uplifted by bank in exercise of right of set-off to pay JD's debts with bank - Whether bank bound by outcome of proceedings between JD and JC - Whether bank could exercise right of set-off and utilise funds for its own benefit - Whether bank held monies in fixed deposit accounts on trust
Malaysian International Trading Corporation Sdn Bhd v. RHB Bank Bhd
(Abdull Hamid Embong, Suriyadi Halim Omar, Hasan Lah, Azahar Mohamed, Zaharah Ibrahim FCJJ) [2016] 2 CLJ 717 [FC]

Res judicata - Whether applicable - Respondent not party to earlier suit - Earlier suit involving different issue or cause of action - Whether principle of res judicata applied
Malaysian International Trading Corporation Sdn Bhd v. RHB Bank Bhd
(Abdull Hamid Embong, Suriyadi Halim Omar, Hasan Lah, Azahar Mohamed, Zaharah Ibrahim FCJJ) [2016] 2 CLJ 717 [FC]

CRIMINAL LAW

Money laundering - Forfeiture - Allegation of sale transaction of duty free cigarettes in 'principle customs area' - Whether respondents committed offence under s. 135(1)(g) of Customs Act 1967 - Whether sums seized proceeds of unlawful activities - Whether prosecution established case
PP v. Billion Nova Sdn Bhd & Ors
(Lim Yee Lan, Varghese George, Idrus Harun JJCA) [2016] 2 CLJ 763 [CA]

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE

Appeal - Appeal against conviction and sentence - Murder - Accused convicted and sentenced to death - Witnesses' testimony that deceased had been attacked by accused with parang - Whether accused properly identified as perpetrator of crime - Omission to state name of accused in police report - Whether fatal to prosecution's case - Whether conviction and sentence unsafe
Wong Soon Choon v. PP
(Mohtarudin Baki, Hamid Sultan Abu Backer, Ahmadi Asnawi JJCA) [2016] 2 CLJ 807 [CA]

Forfeiture - Customs and excise - Application under s. 56(1) of Anti-Money Laundering and Anti-Terrorism Financing Act 2001 - Forfeiture of money - Whether conditions for exercise of power by Public Prosecutor fulfilled - Whether offence under s. 135(1)(g) of Customs Act 1967 proven
PP v. Billion Nova Sdn Bhd & Ors
(Lim Yee Lan, Varghese George, Idrus Harun JJCA) [2016] 2 CLJ 763 [CA]

Forfeiture - Customs and excise - Application under s. 56(1) of Anti-Money Laundering and Anti-Terrorism Financing Act 2001 ('AMLATFA') - Forfeiture of money allegedly related to customs offences - Standard of proof - Whether on balance of probabilities - Whether sales of cigarettes in principal customs area or offence under s. 4(1) AMLATFA proven - Whether predicate offence under s. 135(1)(g) of Customs Act 1967 proven - Whether proof of payments from principal customs area sufficient to prove predicate offence
PP v. Billion Nova Sdn Bhd & Ors
(Lim Yee Lan, Varghese George, Idrus Harun JJCA) [2016] 2 CLJ 763 [CA]

EVIDENCE

Witness - Identification of accused person - Whether properly and positively identified - Whether safe to convict on unsatisfactory identification evidence - Best evidence rule - CCTV footage - Failure to tender - Whether accused prejudiced - Whether fatal to prosecution's case
Wong Soon Choon v. PP
(Mohtarudin Baki, Hamid Sultan Abu Backer, Ahmadi Asnawi JJCA) [2016] 2 CLJ 807 [CA]

FAMILY LAW

Maintenance - Maintenance of wife - Whether interim maintenance could be ordered where adultery is alleged - Whether interim maintenance for wife should not be allowed until divorce petition fully disposed of - Whether court should apportion degree of responsibility for breakdown of marriage - Whether quantum claimed reasonable - Whether wife ought to be placed in similar standard of living during her married life - Whether husband has duty and obligation to provide for wife - Law Reform (Marriage and Divorce) Act 1976, s. 77
Tan Kok Sung v. Yap Sew Moy & Ors
(Lee Swee Seng J) [2016] 2 CLJ 872 [HC]

PUBLIC SERVANTS

Dismissal - Dismissal of police officer - Whether valid - Whether extraneous and irrelevant factors taken into account - Whether affidavit submitted bore no relationship to charge - Whether allegations in affidavit amounted to new charge - Failure to afford opportunity to explain or rebut allegations - Whether breach of fundamental principles of natural justice - Whether dismissal null and void - Federal Constitution, art. 135(2)
Setiausaha Suruhanjaya Pasukan Polis & Ors v. Cheah Yen Khee & Another Appeal
(Clement Skinner, Alizatul Khair Osman, Rohana Yusuf JJCA) [2016] 2 CLJ 789 [CA]

REVENUE LAW

Income tax - Special Commissioners - Deciding order - Appeal against - Whether company entitled to claim for reinvestment allowance - Whether disputed items played integral role in company's business - Whether company incurred capital expenditure - Expansion and modernisation of company's existing business - Whether a qualifying project - Whether company's capital expenditure satisfied literal interpretation of paras 1 and 8(a) of Sch. 7A to Income Tax Act 1967 - Whether there was delay by company in submitting tax returns - Income Tax Act 1967, s. 133A
Ketua Pengarah Hasil Dalam Negeri v. Marigold Industries (M) Sdn Bhd
(Wong Kian Kheong JC) [2016] 2 CLJ 823 [HC]

STATUTORY INTERPRETATION

Construction of statutes - Interpretation - Literal and purposive approach - Proviso to para 1 of Sch. 7A to Income Tax Act 1967 - Applicability
Ketua Pengarah Hasil Dalam Negeri v. Marigold Industries (M) Sdn Bhd
(Wong Kian Kheong JC) [2016] 2 CLJ 823 [HC]

INDEKS PERKARA

PERKATAAN & ISTILAH

'Kerja paksa' - Akta Antipemerdagangan Orang dan Antipenyeludupan Migran 2007, s. 2 - Maksud dan pengertian - Kegagalan Parlimen memberi takrifan - Mahkamah memberi takrifan sebagaimana dalam Kamus Bahasa - Sama ada pendakwaan membuktikan kekasaran atau kerja paksa
PP lwn. Ooi Wei Yhee & Satu Lagi
(Abu Bakar Katar PK) [2016] 2 CLJ 861 [HC]

PROSEDUR JENAYAH

Hukuman - Mitigasi - Faktor-faktor yang dipertimbangkan mahkamah - Sama ada kesalahan mewajarkan hukuman pemenjaraan - Sama ada kepentingan awam diberi keutamaan - Tertuduh mengaku salah - Kesalahan pertama dan pesalah muda - Sama ada tempoh pemenjaraan singkat memberi pengajaran serta pemulihan
PP lwn. Muhammad Fadhil Ibrahim
(Mohamad Shariff Abu Samah PK) [2016] 2 CLJ 848 [HC]

Rayuan - Rayuan terhadap pembebasan dan pelepasan - Penyeludupan manusia - Unsur 'kerja paksa' - Sama ada elemen-elemen kesalahan dibuktikan - Sama ada terdapat paksaan - Sama ada hakim bicara tersalah arah berkaitan elemen kesalahan
PP lwn. Ooi Wei Yhee & Satu Lagi
(Abu Bakar Katar PK) [2016] 2 CLJ 861 [HC]

UNDANG-UNDANG JENAYAH

Akta Antipemerdagangan Orang dan Antipenyeludupan Migran 2007 - Seksyen 12 - Intipati kesalahan 'bagi maksud eksploitasi kerja paksa' - Sama ada bentuk eksploitasi diperincikan dalam pertuduhan - Sama ada tertuduh melakukan 'kerja paksa' atas mangsa - Sama ada 'kerja paksa' bagi maksud s. 2 dibuktikan
PP lwn. Ooi Wei Yhee & Satu Lagi
(Abu Bakar Katar PK) [2016] 2 CLJ 861 [HC]

Kanun Keseksaan - Seksyen 130J(1)(a) - Cubaan memberi sokongan dan manfaat pada kumpulan pengganas Islamic State ('IS') - Tertuduh
mengaku salah - Sabitan dan hukuman - Mitigasi - Faktor-faktor yang dipertimbangkan - Sama ada kepentingan awam diberi keutamaan - Kesalahan pertama dan pesalah muda - Sama ada tempoh pemenjaraan singkat memberi pengajaran serta pemulihan
PP lwn. Muhammad Fadhil Ibrahim
(Mohamad Shariff Abu Samah PK) [2016] 2 CLJ 848 [HC]

LNS Article(s)

1. PREIMPLANTATION GENETIC DIAGNOSIS FOR SOCIAL SEX SELECTION IN MALAYSIA: AUTONOMY, HARM AND THE ROLE OF LAW ^{[Read excerpt]}
   DR. HANIWARDA YAAKOB* [2016] 1 LNS(A) xx

[2016] 1 LNS(A) xx



MALAYSIA

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PREIMPLANTATION GENETIC DIAGNOSIS FOR SOCIAL SEX SELECTION IN MALAYSIA:
AUTONOMY, HARM AND THE ROLE OF LAW

DR. HANIWARDA YAAKOB*

ABSTRACT

In determining the suitable legal mechanism that should be adopted to address the advancement in assisted reproductive technologies, the importance of individual autonomy must be balanced against the role of the State in protecting society from the harm that may be caused by these technologies. This is premised upon the argument that reproduction is a personal and private aspect in an individual's life that should be protected from unwarranted State intervention. Arguing in the context of Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis for Social Sex Selection, this paper seeks to determine the appropriate legal mechanism that should be adopted to regulate the technology in Malaysia given the importance of individual reproductive autonomy argued herein. To achieve this objective, the role of law in individuals' reproductive life is examined in order to ascertain the extent to which the State should be allowed to encroach upon a citizen's autonomy to produce a child of a particular sex using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis. In conclusion, this paper argues for application of the notion of individual reproductive autonomy in considering the extent to which the law should intervene on the use of such technology in Malaysia, subject, however, to the limitations imposed.

Keywords: Bioethics; Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis; Reproductive Autonomy; Sex Selection.

. . .

* Faculty of Law, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

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2. THE NANNY STATE?NAVIGATING THE INDUSTRIAL LAW AROUND NANNIES,AU PAIRS AND DOMESTIC SERVANTS* ^{[Read excerpt]}
   ALLISON BALLARD** [2016] 1 LNS(A) xxii

[2016] 1 LNS(A) xxii



AUSTRALIA

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THE NANNY STATE?
NAVIGATING THE INDUSTRIAL LAW AROUND NANNIES,
AU PAIRS AND DOMESTIC SERVANTS*

ALLISON BALLARD**

 

Lives in previous centuries for women are largely a matter of class. It would have been fun to have been a rich, privileged woman in the 18th century, but no fun at all to be her maid. − Antonia Fraser

Who’s minding the minders, keeping the keepers, watching the watchers? When the parents or guardians of young children are at work, who steps into the traditionally unpaid role of the ‘stay-at-home mum’? If it isn’t a ‘stay-at-home dad’, a friend, grandparent or relative, who is it?

Quite often it’s likely to be a nanny, an au pair, or a ‘domestic’ servant. The arrangements we make to care for our children in our homes raises the question of when these arrangements amount to ‘work’ for the purposes of our industrial laws.

When parents work outside the home, the kids may be at school, in formal child care,^[1] at a relative’s home, home alone, or being cared for in their own home by a non-parent.^[2] It is the latter circumstance (regular and systematic ‘informal’ (or nonsubsidised) child care^[3] by a non-parent in the home) that is the focus of this article.

. . .

* Published with kind permission of the Law Society of the Australian Capital Territory. See Ethos No. 238 December 2015.

** Lawyer, Human Rights, Employment & Discrimination, Women's Legal Centre (ACT & Region) Inc.

Allison is a member of the ACT Law Society's Industrial Relations Committee. This article is an initiative of the Committee.

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