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Issue #15/2018 12 April 2018

New This Week Case(s) of the Week DATO' SRI MOHD NAJIB TUN HJ ABDUL RAZAK & ANOR v. MOHD RAFIZI RAMLI & ANOTHER APPEAL [2018] 4 CLJ 41 Appeal Update Appeal Update Latest Cases Legal Network Series CLJ 2018 Volume 4 (Part 1) Articles LNS Article(s) Legislation Highlights Principal Acts Amending Acts PU(A) PU(B) Legislation Alert

DATO' SRI MOHD NAJIB TUN HJ ABDUL RAZAK & ANOR v.
MOHD RAFIZI RAMLI & ANOTHER APPEAL [2018] 4 CLJ 41
COURT OF APPEAL, PUTRAJAYA
ROHANA YUSUF JCA, IDRUS HARUN JCA, MARY LIM JCA
[CIVIL APPEALS NO: W-02(IM)(NCVC)-1094-06-2016 & W-02(IM)(NCVC)-1095-06-2016]
03 NOVEMBER 2017

CIVIL PROCEDURE: Striking out – Application for – Defamation action – Defence of fair comment – Obligation to give particulars – Whether particularised facts relied upon to support allegations made – Whether allegations based on true beliefs or opinions – Whether statements mere allegation of facts – Whether defence of fair comment available – Rules of Court 2012, O. 78 r. 3(2)

TORT: Defamation – Defence – Fair comment – Whether applicable only when statements made are comments based on certain facts – Test – Whether ordinary reasonable reader on reading whole article would understand words as comment or statement of fact – Whether court could decide based on pleadings alone – Whether pleaded defence set out facts relied upon which formed basis of purported comment – Whether statements mere allegation of facts – Whether defence of fair comment available

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1. Huat Heng Plantations Sdn Bhd v. Warga Elit Plantations Sdn Bhd [2016] 1 LNS 1838 (CA) overruling the High Court case of Huat Heng Plantations Sdn Bhd v. Warga Elit Plantations Sdn Bhd & Anor [Suit No. T (22) 12 Of 2017]

2. Iwan Bujang Dara & Anor v. PP [2017] 1 LNS 285 (CA) affirming the High Court case of PP v. Iwan Bujang Dara & Anor [Criminal Trial No. BTU-45-1/1-2015]

Legal Network Series

[2016] 1 LNS 249	RAJAMOORTHY RASINGNAIDU lwn. MENTERI DALAM NEGERI, MALAYSIA & YANG LAIN	PENAHANAN PENCEGAHAN: Perintah tahanan - Permohonan untuk habeas corpus - Tahanan di bawah s. 19A(1) Akta Pencegahan Jenayah 1959 ('APJ 1959') - Sama ada pendaftaran nama pemohon di dalam daftar telah mematuhi kehendak s. 12 APJ 1959 - Sama ada kegagalan mengemukakan surat perlantikkan pegawai siasatan merupakan satu ketidakpatuhan prosedur - Sama ada ketinggalan perkataan 'ketenteraman awam', 'keselamatan awam' atau 'pencegahan jenayah' di dalam alasan-alasan merupakan suatu ketidakpatuhan prosedur - Sama ada pra-syarat dibawah s. 19A(1) telah dipenuhi - Sama ada salinan dapatan pegawai inkuiri telah diserahkan kepada pemohon menurut s. 10(a) APJ 1959 - Sama ada pengerusi dan ahli Lembaga Pencegahan Jenayah telah dilantik secara sah di bawah s. 7B(1) APJ 1959
[2016] 1 LNS 281	MOHD NASIR DANURI lwn. PP	UNDANG-UNDANG JENAYAH: Rasuah - Pemerolehan suapan secara rasuah - Pertuduhan dibawah s. 17(a) Akta Suruhanjaya Pencegahan Rasuah Malaysia 2009 ('ASPRM 2009') - Tertuduh mendakwa wang yang diterima adalah upah untuk urusan permohonan lesen perniagaan - Pegawai-pegawai SPRM yang terlibat dalam operasi melihat pemberian wang kepada tertuduh - Sama ada tertuduh telah melakukan suatu perbuatan yang diketahui oleh tertuduh sebagai salah - Sama ada wang telah diberi oleh pengadu dalam keadaan terpaksa atas permintaan tertuduh - Sama ada terdapat perbincangan mengenai permintaan atau penerimaan wang - Sama ada s. 50(1) SPRM terpakai
[2017] 1 LNS 1089	KABUNDA SAKAJI EDDY v. PP	CRIMINAL LAW: Dangerous drugs - Trafficking - Methamphetamine weighing 266g and 214.7g - Possession - Capsules containing drugs were excreted from body of accused and found beside accused - Capsules were in similar size, colour and shape - Accused refused to eat whilst he was held at holding cell - Whether accused had mens rea possession of dangerous drugs - Whether accused had knowledge of dangerous drugs - Whether presumption under s. 37(da) of Dangerous Drugs Act 1952 applied CRIMINAL PROCEDURE: Defence - Denial - Wilful blindness - Offence of trafficking dangerous drugs - Capsules containing drugs were excreted from body of accused and found beside accused - Accused denied knowledge of contents of capsules that he swallowed - Accused alleged to have swallowed capsules without inquiring about contents - Whether lack of interest to ascertain contents of capsules by accused demonstrated that he knew it contained drugs - Whether accused's denial of knowledge of contents of capsules was credible - Whether accused had rebutted statutory presumption of trafficking under s. 37(da) of Dangerous Drugs Act 1952
[2017] 1 LNS 1142	MOTORDATA RESEARCH CONSORTIUM SDN BHD v. AHMAD SHAHRIL ABDULLAH & ORS	COMPANY LAW: Separate legal entity - Lifting of corporate veil - Determining alter ego - Special circumstances - Fraudulent act - Whether corporate veil could be pierced to reveal alter ego, controllers and/or directing mind and will of company - Whether corporate veil ought to be pierced to prevent defendants from evading their liability to plaintiff - Whether corporate veil needed to be pierced to prevent abuse of company's corporate personality EVIDENCE: Witness - Question by party to his own witness - Leave of court to cross-examine own witness - Material contradiction in evidence - Whether court may exercise its discretion to grant leave for a party to cross-examine his own witness - Evidence Act 1950, s. 154 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY: Copyright - Infringement - Infringement of electronic vehicle authentication system - Similarities in system - Defendant had been plaintiff's consultant and employee - Breach of confidentiality agreement - Whether plaintiff had exclusive rights to copyright - Whether infringement of copyright proved under s. 36(1) of Copyright Act 1987 - Whether defendant was liable to compensate plaintiff for all loss suffered by plaintiff due to defendant's breach TORT: Breach of confidence - Disclosure of trade secrets of ex-employer - Whether information in question confidential - Whether defendant owed an obligation of confidence to plaintiff - Whether there was unauthorised use of information by defendant to plaintiff's detriment - Whether defendant committed tort of breach of confidence TORT: Interference - Unlawful interference - Interference with business - Whether unlawful means had been used with intention to injure plaintiff TORT: Conspiracy - Conspiracy to injure - Conspiracy to fabricate license agreement - Whether defendants had conspired by unlawful means to injure plaintiff TORT: Damages - Remedies - Infringement of copyright, unlawful interference with business, breach of confidence and conspiracy to injure - Whether plaintiff was entitled to an inquiry for compensatory damages - Whether plaintiff prejudiced if court did not order an account of profits
[2017] 1 LNS 1230	SIVAMNI RAMAN & YANG LAIN lwn. PANEER SELVAM RAMAN	PERWARISAN: Pentadbiran - Penjualan harta pusaka - Permohonan oleh benefisiari - Plaintif telah berhasrat untuk menjual harta pusaka supaya hasilnya dibahagi sama rata antara benefisiari - Sama ada mahkamah mempunyai tanggungjawab untuk menjamin hak kesemua benefisiari harta pusaka adalah dilindungi - Sama ada persetujuan kesemua benefisiari harta pusaka merupakan syarat untuk Mahkamah memberi perintah penjualan hartanah - Sama ada pembahagian hasil jualan hartanah secara sama rata adalah selaras dengan wasiat terakhir simati - Akta Probet dan Pentadbiran 1959, ss. 60(1), 60(2) & 68(1)(a)

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CLJ 2018 Volume 4 (Part 1)

FEDERAL COURT

Gin Poh Holdings Sdn Bhd v. The Government Of The State Of Penang & Ors
Md Raus Sharif CJ, Zulkefli Ahmad Makinudin PCA, Richard Malanjum CJ (Sabah & Sarawak), Hasan Lah, Balia Yusof Wahi FCJJ
(Constitutional Law - Federal and State laws - Constitutionality - Land acquisition) [2018] 4 CLJ 1 [FC]

COURT OF APPEAL

Charles Obasi lwn. PP
Mohtarudin Baki, Mohd Zawawi Salleh, Ahmadi Asnawi HHMR
(Undang-undang Jenayah - Akta Dadah Berbahaya 1952 - Seksyen 39B(1)(a)) [2018] 4 CLJ 32 [CA]

Dato' Sri Mohd Najib Tun Hj Abdul Razak & Anor v. Mohd Rafizi Ramli & Another Appeal
Rohana Yusuf, Idrus Harun, Mary Lim JJCA
(Civil Procedure; Tort - Defamation - Defence - Fair comment) [2018] 4 CLJ 41 [CA]

Pua Kiam Wee v. Ketua Pengarah Imigresen Malaysia & Anor
Mohd Zawawi Salleh, Idrus Harun, Kamardin Hashim JJCA
(Administrative Law; Constitutional Law - Remedies - Certiorari - Exercise of administrative powers) [2018] 4 CLJ 54 [CA]

HIGH COURT

Celcom (Malaysia) Bhd & Anor v. Tan Sri Dato' Tajudin Ramli & Ors And Another Case (No 3)
Wong Kian Kheong JC
(Evidence - Witness - Subpoena - Application to set aside) [2018] 4 CLJ 86 [HC]

Md Nahar Noordin v. Pentadbir Tanah Daerah Hulu Langat
Mohd Yazid Mustafa J
(Land Law - Acquisition of land - Land reference - District Land Administrator (DLA)) [2018] 4 CLJ 102 [HC]

PP v. Syarafi Abu
Mohamed Zaini Mazlan JC
(Criminal Law - Murder - Penal Code, s. 302 - Victim died due to stab wound on neck) [2018] 4 CLJ 110 [HC]

Shapri Yussof lwn. PP
Hassan Abdul Ghani PK
(Undang-undang Jenayah - Kanun Keseksaan - Seksyen 325 dibaca bersama s. 326A - Kesalahan suami (perayu) menyebabkan cedera parah ke atas isterinya) [2018] 4 CLJ 133 [HC]

SUBJECT INDEX

ADMINISTRATIVE LAW

Remedies - Certiorari - Exercise of administrative powers - Prohibition from leaving country - Validity - Whether decision amenable to judicial review - Whether must be in accordance with law - Whether must be substantively fair - Whether certiorari ought to be issued - Rules of High Court 1980, O. 53 - Immigration Act 1963, s. 59 - Federal Constitution, arts. 5(1), 8(1)
Pua Kiam Wee v. Ketua Pengarah Imigresen Malaysia & Anor
(Mohd Zawawi Salleh, Idrus Harun, Kamardin Hashim JJCA) [2018] 4 CLJ 54 [CA]

CIVIL PROCEDURE

Striking out - Application for - Defamation action - Defence of fair comment - Obligation to give particulars - Whether particularised facts relied upon to support allegations made - Whether allegations based on true beliefs or opinions - Whether statements mere allegation of facts - Whether defence of fair comment available - Rules of Court 2012, O. 78 r. 3(2)
Dato' Sri Mohd Najib Tun Hj Abdul Razak & Anor v. Mohd Rafizi Ramli & Another Appeal
(Rohana Yusuf, Idrus Harun, Mary Lim JJCA) [2018] 4 CLJ 41 [CA]

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW

Courts - Judicial power - Power of High Court to review administrative acts and decisions - Whether fettered by ouster clause in statutes - Right to judicial review - Whether forming part of `personal liberty' of a citizen - Whether imposing duty upon public decision-maker to act fairly - Federal Constitution, arts. 5(1), 8(1)
Pua Kiam Wee v. Ketua Pengarah Imigresen Malaysia & Anor
(Mohd Zawawi Salleh, Idrus Harun, Kamardin Hashim JJCA) [2018] 4 CLJ 54 [CA]

Federal and State laws - Constitutionality - Land acquisition - Lands alienated to body corporate established under Chief Minister of Penang (Incorporation) Enactment 2009 (`Enactment') - Whether State Legislature has powers to make laws under Enactment - Powers of Parliament to make laws under Incorporation (State Legislatures Competency) Act 1962 (`Act') - Whether Act and Enactment valid
Gin Poh Holdings Sdn Bhd v. The Government Of The State Of Penang & Ors
(Md Raus Sharif CJ, Zulkefli Ahmad Makinudin PCA, Richard Malanjum CJ (Sabah & Sarawak), Hasan Lah, Balia Yusof Wahi FCJJ) [2018] 4 CLJ 1 [FC]

Personal liberty - Right of citizen to leave country and travel overseas - Right to travel with valid passport - Federal Constitution, arts. 5 and 9
Pua Kiam Wee v. Ketua Pengarah Imigresen Malaysia & Anor
(Mohd Zawawi Salleh, Idrus Harun, Kamardin Hashim JJCA) [2018] 4 CLJ 54 [CA]

CRIMINAL LAW

Murder - Defence - Victim died due to stab wound on neck - Defence that victim tried to kill herself - Whether defence probable - Whether post-mortem report supported defence's case - Whether testimonies of witnesses in favour of defence's case - Whether accused's act of running away from crime scene connoted guilt - Whether victim's death caused by accused - Whether stab wound self-inflicted - Penal Code, ss. 300 & 302
PP v. Syarafi Abu
(Mohamed Zaini Mazlan JC) [2018] 4 CLJ 110 [HC]

Murder - Penal Code, s. 302 - Victim died due to stab wound on neck - Ingredients for offence of murder - Whether satisfied - Whether prosecution proved prima facie case - Whether death of victim established - Whether victim's death caused by injuries sustained - Whether death intentionally caused by accused - Whether act by accused in inflicting injury on victim comes within ambit of one or combination of limbs under s. 300 of Penal Code - Whether defence probable - Whether prosecution proved case beyond reasonable doubt against accused - Whether accused cast any reasonable doubt on prosecution's case
PP v. Syarafi Abu
(Mohamed Zaini Mazlan JC) [2018] 4 CLJ 110 [HC]

EVIDENCE

Witness - Subpoena - Application to set aside - Witnesses subpoenaed to testify in court - Suits in relation to allegations of breach of fiduciary and statutory duties of directors and conspiracy to injure companies - Whether subpoenaed persons may apply to set aside subpoena before commencement of trial - Whether ground that evidence may be given by subpoenaed witnesses admissible - Whether court ought to exercise inherent jurisdiction of court to set aside subpoenas - Rules of Court 2012, O. 92 r. 4
Celcom (Malaysia) Bhd & Anor v. Tan Sri Dato' Tajudin Ramli & Ors And Another Case (No 3)
(Wong Kian Kheong JC) [2018] 4 CLJ 86 [HC]

LAND LAW

Acquisition of land - Land reference - District Land Administrator (DLA) - Whether appearance in person at proceedings mandatory - Whether DLA could be cross-examined - Whether appearance in order to give evidence to defend award made in respect of area of land - Whether DLA carries out quasi-judicial role - Whether a party on behalf of State Authority - Land Acquisition Act 1960, s. 12, 40A, 43 & 47 - Federal Constitution, art. 13
Md Nahar Noordin v. Pentadbir Tanah Daerah Hulu Langat
(Mohd Yazid Mustafa J) [2018] 4 CLJ 102 [HC]

TORT

Defamation - Defence - Fair comment - Whether applicable only when statements made are comments based on certain facts - Test - Whether ordinary reasonable reader on reading whole article would understand words as comment or statement of fact - Whether court could decide based on pleadings alone - Whether pleaded defence set out facts relied upon which formed basis of purported comment - Whether statements mere allegation of facts - Whether defence of fair comment available
Dato' Sri Mohd Najib Tun Hj Abdul Razak & Anor v. Mohd Rafizi Ramli & Another Appeal
(Rohana Yusuf, Idrus Harun, Mary Lim JJCA) [2018] 4 CLJ 41 [CA]

INDEKS PERKARA

UNDANG-UNDANG JENAYAH

Akta Dadah Berbahaya 1952 - Seksyen 39B(1)(A) - Mengedar dadah jenis methamphetamine seberat 678.8g - Rayuan terhadap sabitan dan hukuman - Alasan rayuan - Kegagalan hakim bicara membenarkan pihak-pihak membuat hujahan secara lisan atau bertulis di akhir kes pendakwaan - Sama ada memprejudis tertuduh - Sama ada sabitan dan hukuman harus ditepikan
Charles Obasi lwn. PP
(Mohtarudin Baki, Mohd Zawawi Salleh, Ahmadi Asnawi HHMR) [2018] 4 CLJ 32 [CA]

Kanun Keseksaan - Seksyen 325 dibaca bersama s. 326A - Kesalahan suami (perayu) menyebabkan cedera parah ke atas isterinya - Pengakuan bersalah terhadap pertuduhan - Hukuman penjara tujuh tahun dari tarikh tangkap dan denda RM6,000 jika tidak bayar enam bulan penjara dijatuhkan oleh Mahkamah Sesyen - Rayuan terhadap pertuduhan - Sama ada Mahkamah Sesyen gagal mempertimbangkan pengakuan bersalah perayu - Sama ada Mahkamah Sesyen gagal mengambil kira mitigasi perayu - Sama ada Mahkamah Sesyen hanya mengambil kira kepentingan awam dan gagal mengambil kira kepentingan perayu
Shapri Yussof lwn. PP
(Hassan Abdul Ghani PK) [2018] 4 CLJ 133 [HC]

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LNS Article(s)

1. PENGEMUKAAN KETERANGAN WATAK BURUK DALAM KES-KES JENAYAH DI MALAYSIA: PENGECUALIAN DI BAWAH SEKSYEN 54 AKTA KETERANGAN 1950 ^{[Read excerpt]}
   RAMALINGGAM RAJAMANICKAM,^[i] AHMAD AZAM MOHD SHARIFF,^[ii] TEH KOK ANN,^[iii] AHMAD HUZAIFAH HARIS,^[iv] ADLIN NORAMAL MOHAMED,^[v] NURUL FATIHAH ISHAK,^[vi] BALQIS MOHD NOR^[vii] [2018] 1 LNS(A) xxx

[2018] 1 LNS(A) xxx



MALAYSIA

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PENGEMUKAAN KETERANGAN WATAK BURUK DALAM KES-KES JENAYAH DI MALAYSIA:
PENGECUALIAN DI BAWAH SEKSYEN 54 AKTA KETERANGAN 1950

RAMALINGGAM RAJAMANICKAM^[i] AHMAD AZAM MOHD SHARIFF^[ii]
TEH KOK ANN^[iii] AHMAD HUZAIFAH HARIS^[iv] ADLIN NORAMAL MOHAMED^[v]
NURUL FATIHAH ISHAK^[vi] BALQIS MOHD NOR^[vii]

ABSTRAK

Keterangan yang menunjukkan watak buruk tertuduh merupakan suatu isu yang masih menjadi pertikaian di mahkamah sehingga hari ini. Pada amnya, pihak pendakwaan akan mengemukakan keterangan yang menunjukkan watak buruk tertuduh untuk membuktikan bahawa tertuduh mempunyai perwatakan yang boleh menyebabkannya melakukan kesalahan yang dipertuduh di samping menyangkal keterangan watak baik tertuduh yang dikemukakan oleh pihak pembelaan. Secara amnya, keterangan watak buruk tertuduh adalah tidak relevan dalam kes-kes jenayah. Walau bagaimanapun, terdapat beberapa pengecualian kepada prinsip am tentang ketidakrelevanan keterangan watak buruk di Malaysia. Oleh itu, penulisan ini bertujuan menjelaskan kerelevanan watak buruk sebagai keterangan di Malaysia dengan merujuk peruntukan seksyen 54 Akta Keterangan 1950. Keadaan-keadaan yang membenarkan pengemukaan keterangan watak buruk tertuduh di bawah seksyen 54 (1) dan (2) Akta Keterangan 1950 dijadikan fokus penulisan ini.

. . .

[i] Pensyarah Kanan, Fakulti Undang-undang, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). E-mel: rama@ukm.edu.my.

[ii] Profesor Madya, Fakulti Undang-undang, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). E-mel: aazam@ukm.edu.my.

[iii] Pelajar Prasiswazah, Fakulti Undang-undang, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). E-mel: kokannteh@gmail.com.

[iv] Pelajar Prasiswazah, Fakulti Undang-undang, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). E-mel: huzaifahmrsmps@gmail.com.

[v] Pelajar Prasiswazah, Fakulti Undang-undang, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). E-mel: adlinmohamed95@gmail.com.

[vi] Pelajar Prasiswazah, Fakulti Undang-undang, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). E-mel: f.nurul.ishak@gmail.com.

[vii] Pelajar Prasiswazah, Fakulti Undang-undang, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). E-mel: balqis6395@gmail.com.

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2. PLEA BARGAINING: A CLOG IN THE EFFECTIVE FUNCTION OF THE INDEPENDENT CORRUPT PRACTICES AND OTHER RELATED OFFENCE COMMISSION IN NIGERIA ^{[Read excerpt]}
   DR JOSEPHINE ALADI ACHOR AGBONIKA* IDACHABA MARTINS AJOGWU ESQ** [2018] 1 LNS(A) xxxi

[2018] 1 LNS(A) xxxi



NIGERIA

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PLEA BARGAINING: A CLOG IN THE EFFECTIVE FUNCTION OF THE INDEPENDENT CORRUPT PRACTICES AND OTHER RELATED OFFENCE COMMISSION IN NIGERIA

DR JOSEPHINE ALADI ACHOR AGBONIKA*
IDACHABA MARTINS AJOGWU ESQ**

1.0. INTRODUCTION

Corruption is identified as one of the problems confronting developing nations. In Nigeria, it is endemic, it is pervasive. Corruption is a world citizen as there are traces of it in America, Russia, Japan, Britain, Ghana and elsewhere. The degree in various countries differs substantially. In Nigeria, it spreads to every facet of life be it the public or private sector. Corruption appears to have become a way of doing things though resented by a significant number of people who are helpless in the face of weak and selective application of sanctions.

The Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Act 2000 contains three main responsibilities which are: to receive and investigate reports of corruption and in appropriate cases prosecute offenders, it also examines, reviews and enforces the correction of corruption prone systems and procedures of public bodies with a view to eliminating corruption in public life and the education and enlightening of the public on the dangers of corruption and related offences with a view to enlisting and fostering public support for the fight against corruption. Official corruption on its own is an intricate aspect of corruption and it deals basically with corruption by people in positions of power, that is, governmental power residing with people occupying public offices.

. . .

* LL.B, BL, LL.M, PhD, LSM, JP, ACTI, ACIArb, Senior Lecturer, Kogi State University; Also Commissioner, Tax Appeal Tribunal, South East Zone, Enugu.

** LL.B, LL.M, Ph.D. Candidate, Kogi State University, Anyigba.

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