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Issue #17/2018 26 April 2018

New This Week Case(s) of the Week TUN DR MAHATHIR MOHAMAD & ORS v. DATUK SERI MOHD NAJIB TUN HJ ABDUL RAZAK [2018] 4 CLJ 361 MAJLIS AGAMA ISLAM NEGERI PULAU PINANG v. ABDUL LATIFF HASSAN & ANOR [2018] 4 CLJ 525 Appeal Update Appeal Update Latest Cases Legal Network Series CLJ 2018 Volume 4 (Part 3) CLJ 2018 Volume 4 (Part 4) Articles LNS Article(s) Legislation Highlights Principal Acts Amending Acts PU(A) PU(B) Legislation Alert

TUN DR MAHATHIR MOHAMAD & ORS v.
DATUK SERI MOHD NAJIB TUN HJ ABDUL RAZAK [2018] 4 CLJ 361
COURT OF APPEAL, PUTRAJAYA
IDRUS HARUN JCA, VERNON ONG LAM KIAT JCA, ABDUL RAHMAN SEBLI JCA
[CIVIL APPEAL NO: W-02-(IM)(NCVC)-926-05-2017]
05 DECEMBER 2017

TORT: Misfeasance in public office – Ingredients – Suit against Prime Minister – Whether Prime Minister holding ‘public office’ – Whether Prime Minister ‘public officer’ for purpose of alleged tort

TORT: Breach of fiduciaries in public office – Ingredients – Whether overlapping with ‘misfeasance in public office’ – Whether additionally requiring proof of element of ‘mutual trust and confidence’ – Suit by private citizens against Prime Minister – Whether doomed to fail

TORT: Misfeasance in public office – Breach of fiduciaries in public office - Suit against Prime Minister – Definitions of ‘public officer’ and ‘public office’ – Causes of action – Tortious action founded on common law – Whether court should apply common law definitions – Whether could ignore statutory or constitutional definitions of terms

CIVIL PROCEDURE: Striking out – Misfeasance in public office – Breach of fiduciaries in public office – Suit against Prime Minister – Whether fit and proper case for disposal under O. 18 r. 19 of Rules of Court 2012

WORDS & PHRASES: ‘public office’ – ‘public officer’ – ‘public service’ – ‘Prime Minister’ – ‘member of the administration’ – Meaning – Whether Prime Minister a ‘public officer’ holding a ‘public office’ – Whether part of ‘public service’ – Federal Constitution arts. 43, 132 & 160 – Interpretation Acts 1948 and 1967, ss. 3 & 66 – Civil Law Act 1956, s. 3 – Government Proceedings Act 1956, ss. 2, 5 & 6

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MAJLIS AGAMA ISLAM NEGERI PULAU PINANG v. ABDUL LATIFF HASSAN & ANOR [2018] 4 CLJ 525
HIGH COURT MALAYA, PULAU PINANG
ABDUL WAHAB MOHAMED JC
[SUMMONS WRIT NO: 21NCVC-13-06-2014]
30 OCTOBER 2017

CIVIL PROCEDURE: Jurisdiction – High Court – Land dispute – Wakaf land – Fatwa issued that land in dispute was wakaf land – Whether civil High Court seized with jurisdiction to determine validity of fatwa and wakaf – Whether there was issue of civil High Court trespassing into civil jurisdiction of Syariah Court – Whether parties involved were Muslims within definition of Administration of the Religion of Islam (State of Penang) Enactment 2004

LAND LAW: Indefeasibility of title – Wakaf land – Wakaf land sold to subsequent purchaser – Whether title to land valid – Whether subsequent purchaser bona fide purchaser for value – Whether seller had legal capacity to sell land to subsequent purchaser – Whether rights or interest acquired by subsequent purchaser with regard to land was obtained by means of void instrument – Whether title and interest defeasible – Whether there was fraud – National Land Code, ss. 4(2) & 340(2)(b), (3)

LAND LAW: Wakaf – Fatwa issued that land in dispute was wakaf land – Whether civil High Court seized with jurisdiction to hear matter – Whether land was wakaf land – Whether fatwa valid – Whether civil High Court bound by fatwa – Whether there was limitation of action – Indefeasibility of title of land – Administration of the Religion of Islam (State of Penang) Enactment 2004, ss. 89 & 90 – National Land Code, ss. 4(2) & 340

LIMITATION: Land dispute – Wakaf land – Fatwa issued that land in dispute was wakaf land – Whether action caught up by limitation – Whether there was evidence to attribute knowledge on plaintiff of wakaf prior to commencement of action – Calculation of limitation – Date of discovery – Whether action barred by limitation

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1. PP v. Willey Salleh [2017] 1 LNS 1704 (CA) affirming the High Court case of PP v. Willey Salleh [2016] 1 LNS 248.

2. Veeran Veeriah v. PP & Another Appeal [2017] 1 LNS 1706 (CA) affirming the High Court case of PP lwn. Veeran Veeriah & Satu Lagi [2016] 1 LNS 824.

Legal Network Series

[2016] 1 LNS 824	PP lwn. VEERAN VEERIAH & SATU LAGI UNDANG-UNDANG JENAYAH: Bunuh - Seksyen 302 Kanun Keseksaan - Niat untuk membunuh - Simati ditetak berkali-kali - Saksi mata mengesahkan perlakuan tertuduh di tempat kejadian - Kewujudan luka-luka tetakan yang serius pada anggota badan simati - Sama ada tertuduh mempunyai niat untuk membunuh simati - Sama ada kecederaan yang dilakukan oleh tertuduh adalah penyebab kepada kematian simati - Sama ada motif pembunuhan perlu dibuktikan oleh pihak pendakwaan - Sama ada kes pendakwaan boleh dibuktikan tanpa keterangan DNA atau cap jari tertuduh Bagi pihak pendakwa raya - Jailani Haji Rahman, Timbalan Pendakwaraya Bagi pihak tertuduh-tertuduh - R Nethaji Rayer; T/n R Nethaji Rayer & Co
[2017] 1 LNS 774	DATO' MAT JAHYA HUSSIN & SATU LAGI lwn. AMZED DEVELOPMENT SDN BHD PROSEDUR SIVIL: Penghakiman terus - Kontrak - Kemungkiran - Perjanjian usahasama untuk memajukan hartanah antara pemilik tanah dan pemaju - Pemaju gagal menyiapkan pembangunan dalam tempoh masa yang dipersetujui - Tuntutan gantirugi kehilangan pendapatan - Sama ada defendan telah berjaya menimbulkan isu-isu yang perlu dibicarakan PROSEDUR SIVIL: Afidavit - Afidavit jawapan - Penerimaan masuk - Kegagalan memfailkan dan menyerahkan afidavit jawapan dalam tempoh masa yang ditetapkan - Sama ada mahkamah wajar menolak afidavit jawapan yang gagal mematuhi peruntukan A. 32 k. 13 (2)(b) Kaedah-Kaedah Mahkamah 2012 - Sama ada kewujudan tuntutan balas defendan bermakna secara automatik permohonan untuk penghakiman terus tidak boleh dibenarkan Bagi pihak plaintif/responden - Zamri Hj Ibrahim; T/n Zamri Ibrahim & Co Bagi pihak defendan/perayu - Mohd Fikri Abd Rahman; T/n Harunsin Azuar & Partners
[2017] 1 LNS 996	PR lwn. WAN MOHAMAD LUFTI JAFFAR PROSEDUR JENAYAH: Pembelaan - Penafian - Pertuduhan pengedaran dadah berbahaya - Tertuduh mendakwa kewujudan penama lain dan memindahkan kesalahan pada penama tersebut - Sama ada kewujudan penama lain di dalam keterangan pihak pembelaan merupakan suatu perkara yang difikirkan kemudian - Sama ada pembelaan tertuduh merupakan penafian semata-mata UNDANG-UNDANG JENAYAH: Dadah berbahaya - Pengedaran - Dadah jenis Cannabis seberat 2748 g - Pihak pendakwaan bergantung kepada keterangan agen provokatur yang menyamar sebagai pembeli dadah - Kewujudan perbezaan berat timbangan - Sama ada perbezaan berat timbangan memudaratkan kes pendakwaan - Sama ada rantaian keterangan berkait dengan pengemukaan barang kes telah terputus - Sama ada pihak pendakwaan telah berjaya membuktikan satu kes prima facie Bagi pihak OKT - Khairil Azwar Khalil; T/n K K Lee & Co Bagi pihak pendakwaraya - Harris Ong Jeffrey Ong; Timbalan Pendakwa Raya
[2017] 1 LNS 998	AEON BIG (M) SDN BHD v. SSM MANAGEMENT SDN BHD COMPANIES AND CORPORATIONS: Winding up - Disputed debt - Whether debt embodied in judgment - Whether judgment debt required - Whether admission to debt sufficient - Companies Act 1965, s. 218 COMPANY LAW: Winding up - Disputed debt - Assertion of cross-claim - Whether based on substantial grounds - Whether dispute bona fide COMPANY LAW: Winding up - Petition - Neglect or refusal to heed demand - Presumption of insolvency - Whether presumption rebutted - Whether solvency proved - Whether Auditor Statement and Exempt Private Company Statement sufficient proof For the petitioner - R Jayasingham & KY Ng; M/s BH Lawrence & Co For the respondent - Kelvin Seet, Ryan Chu & Dennis Yuean; M/s Cheang & Ariff
[2017] 1 LNS 1282	SAID HASSAN v. MUHAMAD NUR SAFWAN NORDIN CIVIL PROCEDURE: Appeal - Misdirection by trial judge - Conflicting evidence - Impartiality of witness - Whether sufficient evaluation of witnesses' evidence - Whether sufficient judicial appreciation by trial judge - Whether interference by appellate court warranted EVIDENCE: Admissions - Admission by party to traffic offence - Whether relevant to subsequent negligence suit - Whether too much weight attached to admission - Road Traffic Rules 1959, r. 10 EVIDENCE: Witness - Credibility of - Delay in lodging police report - Whether impartiality of witness affected For the applicant - Darshan Singh Aulakh; M/s Darshan & Jaswant For the respondent - Jeevah Subramaniam; M/s Loo, Siva & Param

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CLJ 2018 Volume 4 (Part 3)

FEDERAL COURT

Tenaga Nasional Bhd v. Unggul Tangkas Sdn Bhd & Anor And Other Appeals
Zulkefli Ahmad Makinudin PCA, Richard Malanjum CJ (Sabah & Sarawak), Abu Samah Nordin, Zaharah Ibrahim, Prasad Sandosham Abraham FCJJ
(Land Law; Civil Procedure - Acquisition of land - Award of compensation - Parties – Intervention) [2018] 4 CLJ 285 [FC]

For the appellant - Cyrus Das, Steven Thiru, David Mathew, Mehala Marimuthoo & David Ng Yew Kiat; M/s Shook Lin & Bok
For the 1st respondent - Malik Imtiaz, Lye Wing Voi, Yap Hsu-Lyn & Chan Wei June; M/s WV Lye & Partners
For the 2nd respondent - Etty Eliany Tesno; State Legal Advisor, Selangor 

COURT OF APPEAL

Logical Operations Consortium Sdn Bhd v. Abdul Rahim Abdul Razak & Anor And Another Appeal
Abang Iskandar, Mary Lim JJCA, Suraya Othman J
(Contract - Claim for services rendered - Whether requisite elements to justify claim under s. 71 of Contracts Act 1950 established) [2018] 4 CLJ 301 [CA]

(Civil Appeal No: W-02(W)-2145-11-2016)
For the appellant - Elaine Siaw; M/s Raja, Darryl & Loh
For the respondent - Tieh Siaw Siong; M/s SS Tieh
(Civil Appeal No: W-02-1977-10-2016)
For the appellant - Tieh Siaw Siong; M/s SS Tieh
For the 1st respondent - Siti Nurani Md Zahidi; M/s Rashid Zulkifli
For the 2nd respondent - Elaine Siaw; M/s Raja, Darryl & Loh

Mohamad Ridzuan Zamhor lwn. PP
Mohtarudin Baki, Ahmadi Asnawi, Kamardin Hashim HHMR
(Prosedur Jenayah - Keputusan boleh dirayu - Rayuan terhadap keputusan Mahkamah Tinggi menolak notis usul) [2018] 4 CLJ 315 [CA]

Bagi pihak perayu - Abdul Hamid Menon Abdullah; T/n RK Menon & Co
Bagi pihak responden - Kwan Li Sa; TPR 

Pan Malaysian Pools Sdn Bhd v. Kwan Tat Thai & Anor And Other Appeals
David Wong Dak Wah, Hamid Sultan Abu Backer, Umi Kalthum Abdul Majid JJCA
(Labour Law - Contract of employment - Breach) [2018] 4 CLJ 323 [CA]

(Civil Appeal No: W-02(W)-1453-08-2016)
For the appellant - Steven Thiru, Janice Leo, M Mehala & David Ng; M/s Shook Lin & Bok
For the respondent - Joslyne Goonting, Lum May Lan, Kum Shin Jow & Albert Koo; M/s Kum & Partners
(Civil Appeal No: W-02(W)-1796-09-2016)
For the appellant - Joslyne Goonting, Lum May Lan, Kum Shin Jow & Albert Koo; M/s Kum & Partners
For the respondent - Steven Thiru, Janice Leo, M Mehala & David Ng; M/s Shook Lin & Bok
(Civil Appeal No: W-02(W)-1802-09-2016)
For the appellant - Joslyne Goonting, Lum May Lan & Kum Shin Jow; M/s Kum & Partners
For the respondent - Steven Thiru, Janice Leo, M Mehala & David Ng; M/s Shook Lin & Bok 

PP v. Maitham K Alwan (IRQ)
Mohd Zawawi Salleh, Zakaria Sam, Kamardin Hashim JJCA
(Criminal Law - Dangerous Drugs Act 1952 - Section 39B(1)(a) - Defence of innocent carrier) [2018] 4 CLJ 342 [CA]

For the prosecution - Kwan Li Sa; DPP
For the respondent - Edmund Bon Tai Soon & Joshua Tay; M/s AmerBON 

Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad & Ors v. Datuk Seri Mohd Najib Tun Hj Abdul Razak
Idrus Harun, Vernon Ong Lam Kiat, Abdul Rahman Sebli JJCA
(Tort; Civil Procedure; Words & Phrases - Misfeasance in public office - Breach of fiduciaries in public office - Suit against Prime Minister - 'public office' - 'public officer' - 'public service' - 'Prime Minister' - 'member of the administration' - Whether Prime Minister a 'public officer' holding a 'public office' - Whether part of 'public service') [2018] 4 CLJ 361 [CA]

For the appellants - Haniff Khatri & Ilyani Noor Khuszairy; M/s Haniff Khatri
For the respondent - Cecil Abraham, Rishwant Singh, Mohd Hafarizam Harun & Norhazira Abu Haiyan; M/s Hafarizam Wan & Aisha Mubarak 

HIGH COURT

Muhammad Nabil Harmylis (Seorang Kanak-kanak Di bawah Umur Yang Mengambil Tindakan Ini Melalui Wakil Litigasinya Samsudin Mohd Saad) lwn. Tenaga Nasional Bhd
Abu Bakar Katar PK
(Tort; Ganti Rugi - Renjatan elektrik - Kecederaan diri - Tuntutan ganti rugi) [2018] 4 CLJ 394 [HC]

Bagi pihak perayu/plaintif - Pang Teck Yaw; T/n Jayadeep Hari & Jamil
Bagi pihak responden/defendan - Suhaila; T/n Rajadevan & Assocs 

Tan Hun Chong v. PP & Another Case
Ahmad Shahrir Mohd Salleh JC
(Criminal Law; Criminal Procedure - Control of Supplies Act 1961 - Sections 20 & 21 - Whether prima facie case established - Whether conviction and sentence safe) [2018] 4 CLJ 408 [HC]

For the appellant - Mohd Ismail Mohamed; M/s Ismail, Khoo & Assocs
For the respondent - Afiq Anwar Mohamed Sapian; DPP 

SUBJECT INDEX

CIVIL PROCEDURE

Parties - Intervention - Application to intervene in land reference proceedings under O. 15 r. 6(2)(b) of Rules of Court 2012 - Whether s. 45(2) of Land Acquisition Act 1960 ('LAA') allows for enlargement of scope of specific framework under LAA - Whether s. 45(2) only provides for complementary role of Rules of Court 2012 - Whether O. 15 r. 6(2)(b) applicable - Whether application to intervene was an abuse of court process
Tenaga Nasional Bhd v. Unggul Tangkas Sdn Bhd & Anor And Other Appeals
(Zulkefli Ahmad Makinudin PCA, Richard Malanjum CJ (Sabah & Sarawak), Abu Samah Nordin, Zaharah Ibrahim, Prasad Sandosham Abraham FCJJ) [2018] 4 CLJ 285 [FC]

Striking out - Misfeasance in public office - Breach of fiduciaries in public office - Suit against Prime Minister - Whether fit and proper case for disposal under O. 18 r. 19 of Rules of Court 2012
Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad & Ors v. Datuk Seri Mohd Najib Tun Hj Abdul Razak
(Idrus Harun, Vernon Ong Lam Kiat, Abdul Rahman Sebli JJCA) [2018] 4 CLJ 361 [CA]

CONTRACT

Claim for services rendered - Consultancy services - Whether requisite elements to justify claim under s. 71 of Contracts Act 1950 established - Whether evidence adduced to substantiate claim - Whether services intended to be gratuitous - Whether claim premised on quantum meruit sustainable
Logical Operations Consortium Sdn Bhd v. Abdul Rahim Abdul Razak & Anor And Another Appeal
(Abang Iskandar, Mary Lim JJCA, Suraya Othman J) [2018] 4 CLJ 301 [CA]

Damages - Loss of profit - Claim premised on representation - Whether representation gave rise to legitimate claim for loss of profit - Claim based on projections - Whether projections admissible to support claim - Whether party claiming to have relied on representation was same party that lost potential profits - Whether mere representation that do not induce parties to enter into contract actionable - Whether burden of proof satisfied
Logical Operations Consortium Sdn Bhd v. Abdul Rahim Abdul Razak & Anor And Another Appeal
(Abang Iskandar, Mary Lim JJCA, Suraya Othman J) [2018] 4 CLJ 301 [CA]

CRIMINAL LAW

Control of Supplies Act 1961 - Section 20 - Accused charged at Magistrate's Court for permitting controlled article to be stored at premise not licensed or approved by Controller - Alternative charge - 2,231L diesel found in additional tank of lorry - Accused not at scene where and when raid took place - Magistrate did not make any ruling on alternative charge - Whether prosecution successfully established prima facie case against accused
Tan Hun Chong v. PP & Another Case
(Ahmad Shahrir Mohd Salleh JC) [2018] 4 CLJ 408 [HC]

Control of Supplies Act 1961 - Section 21 - Accused charged for possession of unlicensed controlled article in circumstances that raised reasonable suspicion that offence was intended to be committed - Discovery of 2,231L diesel in additional tank of lorry - Accused not at scene where and when raid took place - Whether lorry belonged to accused - Whether accused had control over lorry and diesel - Accused convicted and sentenced with fine of RM30,000, in default 12 months imprisonment - Whether prima facie case established
Tan Hun Chong v. PP & Another Case
(Ahmad Shahrir Mohd Salleh JC) [2018] 4 CLJ 408 [HC]

Dangerous Drugs Act 1952 - Section 39B(1)(a) - Trafficking in 670.1g of methamphetamine - Drugs found in thermos carried by accused at airport - Hole in box where thermos discovered - Whether gave rise to assumption that someone else put drugs in thermos - Whether accused was framed - Alcontara's notice - Whether arose - Defence of innocent carrier - Whether accused's docile behaviour inferred an absence of knowledge of drugs - Whether conduct of respondent amounted to wilful blindness - Failure to rebut presumption of knowledge and possession under s. 37(d) of Dangerous Drugs Act 1952 - Whether trafficking charge against accused proved beyond reasonable doubt
PP v. Maitham K Alwan (IRQ)
(Mohd Zawawi Salleh, Zakaria Sam, Kamardin Hashim JJCA) [2018] 4 CLJ 342 [CA]

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE

Appeal - Appeal against decision of Magistrate's Court - Appeal by accused against sentence and conviction - Accused convicted for offence under s. 21 of Control of Supplies Act 1961 and sentenced with fine of RM30,000, in default 12 months imprisonment - 2,231L diesel found in additional tank of lorry - Accused not at scene where and when raid took place - Whether prima facie case established - Whether lorry belonged to accused - Whether accused had control over lorry and diesel - Whether conviction and sentence safe
Tan Hun Chong v. PP & Another Case
(Ahmad Shahrir Mohd Salleh JC) [2018] 4 CLJ 408 [HC]

Appeal - Appeal by prosecution - Appeal against decision of Magistrate's Court - Accused convicted for offence under s. 21 of Control of Supplies Act 1961 - Possession of unlicensed controlled article in circumstances that raised reasonable suspicion that offence was intended to be committed - Discovery of 2,231L diesel in additional tank of lorry - Accused convicted and sentenced with fine of RM30,000, in default 12 months imprisonment - Appeal against sentence
Tan Hun Chong v. PP & Another Case
(Ahmad Shahrir Mohd Salleh JC) [2018] 4 CLJ 408 [HC]

LABOUR LAW

Employment - Contract of employment - Breach - Allegation of - Whether proved - Employees received secret profits by virtue of profit sharing arrangement with vendors without company's authority - Whether company's claim for secret profits sustainable - Whether remedies for breach of employment contract limited to exercise of company's discretion to dismiss employees - Whether company entitled to general damages
Pan Malaysian Pools Sdn Bhd v. Kwan Tat Thai & Anor And Other Appeals
(David Wong Dak Wah, Hamid Sultan Abu Backer, Umi Kalthum Abdul Majid JJCA) [2018] 4 CLJ 323 [CA]

Industrial Court - Withdrawal of suit for unfair dismissal - Whether employees deemed to have accepted company's decision to dismiss them - Whether employees admitted to being guilty of misconduct - Whether employees estopped from contending that they were not liable for breaches of employment contracts
Pan Malaysian Pools Sdn Bhd v. Kwan Tat Thai & Anor And Other Appeals
(David Wong Dak Wah, Hamid Sultan Abu Backer, Umi Kalthum Abdul Majid JJCA) [2018] 4 CLJ 323 [CA]

LAND LAW

Acquisition of land - Award of compensation - Objection in Form N by registered owner of land - Application by applicant to intervene in land reference proceedings and to file valuer's report - Whether applicant complied with procedure for objection to award - Whether lodging of Form N essential to object to award in land reference proceedings - Whether applicant had legal interest in land reference proceedings - Land acquired pursuant to s. 3(1)(a) of Land Acquisition Act 1960 - Whether acquiring party and paymaster was State Authority and not applicant - Land Acquisition Act 1960, ss. 37 & 38 - Rules of Court 2012, O. 15 r. 6(2)(b)
Tenaga Nasional Bhd v. Unggul Tangkas Sdn Bhd & Anor And Other Appeals
(Zulkefli Ahmad Makinudin PCA, Richard Malanjum CJ (Sabah & Sarawak), Abu Samah Nordin, Zaharah Ibrahim, Prasad Sandosham Abraham FCJJ) [2018] 4 CLJ 285 [FC]

Acquisition of land - Award of compensation - Objection in Form N by registered owner of land - Application by applicant to intervene in land reference proceedings under O. 15 r. 6(2)(b) of Rules of Court 2012 - Whether applicant complied with procedure for objection to award - Whether s. 45(2) of Land Acquisition Act 1960 ('LAA') allows for enlargement of scope of specific framework under LAA - Whether s. 45(2) only provides for complementary role of Rules of Court 2012 - Whether O. 15 r. 6(2)(b) applicable - Whether application to intervene was an abuse of court process
Tenaga Nasional Bhd v. Unggul Tangkas Sdn Bhd & Anor And Other Appeals
(Zulkefli Ahmad Makinudin PCA, Richard Malanjum CJ (Sabah & Sarawak), Abu Samah Nordin, Zaharah Ibrahim, Prasad Sandosham Abraham FCJJ) [2018] 4 CLJ 285 [FC]

TORT

Breach of fiduciaries in public office - Ingredients - Whether overlapping with 'misfeasance in public office' - Whether additionally requiring proof of element of 'mutual trust and confidence' - Suit by private citizens against Prime Minister - Whether doomed to fail
Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad & Ors v. Datuk Seri Mohd Najib Tun Hj Abdul Razak
(Idrus Harun, Vernon Ong Lam Kiat, Abdul Rahman Sebli JJCA) [2018] 4 CLJ 361 [CA]

Misfeasance in public office - Breach of fiduciaries in public office - Suit against Prime Minister - Definitions of 'public officer' and 'public office' - Causes of action - Tortious action founded on common law - Whether court should apply common law definitions - Whether could ignore statutory or constitutional definitions of terms
Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad & Ors v. Datuk Seri Mohd Najib Tun Hj Abdul Razak
(Idrus Harun, Vernon Ong Lam Kiat, Abdul Rahman Sebli JJCA) [2018] 4 CLJ 361 [CA]

Misfeasance in public office - Ingredients - Suit against Prime Minister - Whether Prime Minister holding 'public office' - Whether Prime Minister 'public officer' for purpose of alleged tort
Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad & Ors v. Datuk Seri Mohd Najib Tun Hj Abdul Razak
(Idrus Harun, Vernon Ong Lam Kiat, Abdul Rahman Sebli JJCA) [2018] 4 CLJ 361 [CA]

WORDS & PHRASES

'public office' - 'public officer' - 'public service' - 'Prime Minister' - 'member of the administration' - Meaning - Whether Prime Minister a 'public officer' holding a 'public office' - Whether part of 'public service' - Federal Constitution arts. 43, 132 & 160 - Interpretation Acts 1948 and 1967, ss. 3 & 66 - Civil Law Act 1956, s. 3 - Government Proceedings Act 1956, ss. 2, 5 & 6
Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad & Ors v. Datuk Seri Mohd Najib Tun Hj Abdul Razak
(Idrus Harun, Vernon Ong Lam Kiat, Abdul Rahman Sebli JJCA) [2018] 4 CLJ 361 [CA]

INDEKS PERKARA

GANTI RUGI

Kecederaan diri - Renjatan elektrik - Talian elektrik bervoltan tinggi - Kelecuran badan - Kehilangan kegunaan jari-jari kaki - Ganti rugi khas dan am - Kuantum - Sama ada award oleh Hakim Sesyen munasabah dan mencukupi
Muhammad Nabil Harmylis (Seorang Kanak-kanak Di bawah Umur Yang Mengambil Tindakan Ini Melalui Wakil Litigasinya Samsudin Mohd Saad) lwn. Tenaga Nasional Bhd
(Abu Bakar Katar PK) [2018] 4 CLJ 394 [HC]

PROSEDUR JENAYAH

Rayuan - Keputusan boleh dirayu - Rayuan terhadap keputusan Mahkamah Tinggi menolak notis usul - Notis usul difailkan untuk mendapatkan laporan polis - Sama ada keputusan Mahkamah Tinggi boleh dirayu - Sama ada penghakiman, hukuman atau perintah Mahkamah Tinggi melupuskan hak pihak-pihak secara muktamad - Sama ada perayu masih berpeluang menyoal balas dan mendapatkan laporan polis semasa perbicaraan
Mohamad Ridzuan Zamhor lwn. PP
(Mohtarudin Baki, Ahmadi Asnawi, Kamardin Hashim HHMR) [2018] 4 CLJ 315 [CA]

TORT

Ganti rugi - Cuai - Pembekal tenaga elektrik - Talian elektrik bervoltan tinggi - Talian merentangi kawasan kanak-kanak bermain layang-layang - Renjatan elektrik atas plaintif - Kecederaan - Penyelenggaraan - Sama ada defendan gagal mengambil langkah keselamatan secukupnya - Sama ada defendan cuai - Sama ada defendan bertanggungan mengganti rugi plaintif
Muhammad Nabil Harmylis (Seorang Kanak-kanak Di bawah Umur Yang Mengambil Tindakan Ini Melalui Wakil Litigasinya Samsudin Mohd Saad) lwn. Tenaga Nasional Bhd
(Abu Bakar Katar PK) [2018] 4 CLJ 394 [HC]

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CLJ 2018 Volume 4 (Part 4)

COURT OF APPEAL

Lembaga Kemajuan Wilayah Kedah (KEDA) v. Nur Dini Mohd Noh
Mohd Hishamudin Yunus, David Wong Dak Wah, Umi Kalthum Abdul Majid JJCA
(Labour Law - Employment - Dismissal - Probationer) [2018] 4 CLJ 423 [CA]

For the appellant - Arham Rahimy Hariri; M/s Azim, Tunku Farik & Wong
For the respondent - Zakaria Md Saad; M/s Zakaria & Co 

PP v. Mohd Razali Zakariya
Tengku Maimun Tuan Mat, Ahmadi Asnawi, Kamardin Hashim JJCA
(Criminal Procedure; Criminal Law - Trafficking in dangerous drugs - Accused charged for trafficking in 8676.9g of cannabis - Whether accused's defence cast reasonable doubt on prosecution's case) [2018] 4 CLJ 438 [CA]

For the prosecution - Muhammad Azmi Mashud; DPP
For the respondent - Rahamathullah Baharudeen; M/s Rahamat & Mashuri 

HIGH COURT

3 Two Square Sdn Bhd v. Perbadanan Pengurusan 3 Two Square & Ors; Yong Shang Ming (Third Party)
Azizul Azmi Adnan J
(Land Law - Strata title - Management corporation - Maintenance and management of building) [2018] 4 CLJ 458 [HC]

For the plaintiff - Celine Chelladurai, Jee Hock Hua & Elizah Adam; M/s Yip & Co
For the 1st - 8th defendants - Adrian Silvarajoo & Nik Abdul Matin Fawwaz; M/s Chambers of Firdaus
For the 9th defendant - VS Amirtha & Nabilah Muhamad Azmi; M/s Amirtha VS & Co
For the 3rd party - Christie Soosay Nathan & Nor Aqilah Ahmad Nasar; M/s Christie Soosay Nathan & Assocs 

Ann Joo Integrated Steel Sdn Bhd v. Lim Chuan Hock & Sons Sdn Bhd
Lim Chong Fong J
(Construction Law - Adjudication - Setting aside - Application for) [2018] 4 CLJ 497 [HC]

For the plaintiff - Choon Hon Leng & Denise Cheong Lin Hwei; M/s Raja, Darryl & Loh
For the defendant - Ong Yu Shin; M/s The Chambers Of Yu Shin Ong 

Dennis Ong Chin Kiat v. PP
Celestina Stuel Galid JC
(Criminal Law; Criminal Procedure - Sentencing - Appeal against - Voluntarily causing hurt to wife) [2018] 4 CLJ 519 [HC]

For the appellant - Francis Wee; M/s Wee & Partners
For the respondent - Musli Ab Hamid; DPP 

Majlis Agama Islam Negeri Pulau Pinang v. Abdul Latiff Hassan & Anor
Abdul Wahab Mohamed JC
(Civil Procedure; Land Law; Limitation - Indefeasibility of title - Wakaf land - Wakaf land sold to subsequent purchaser) [2018] 4 CLJ 525 [HC]

For the plaintiff - Aslam & Sharifah; M/s Presgrave & Matthews
For the 1st defendant - Fahda Nur & Ariffin Haron; M/s Fahda Nur & Yusmadi
For the 2nd defendant - Abdul Fareed & Noramira; M/s VM Mohan Fareed & Co 

Re Ferdilin Abdul Rahman; Ex p Affin Bank Bhd
Alwi Abdul Wahab JC
(Bankruptcy - Creditor's petition - Notice of objection) [2018] 4 CLJ 555 [HC]

For judgment creditor - Haris Alimudin; M/s Rahim Abdullah & Co
For judgment debtor - Darmin Achok; M/s Johari & Zelika 

SUBJECT INDEX

BANKRUPTCY

Creditor's petition - Notice of objection - Judgment debtor filed notice of objection against creditor's petition by judgment creditor - Hirer failed to make monthly instalments under hire purchase agreement - Whether judgment debtor a social guarantor - Whether all avenues exhausted to recover judgment debts from hirer - Whether there was failure to comply with Bankruptcy Act 1967, s. 5(3)
Re Ferdilin Abdul Rahman; Ex p Affin Bank Bhd
(Alwi Abdul Wahab JC) [2018] 4 CLJ 555 [HC]

CIVIL PROCEDURE

Jurisdiction - High Court - Land dispute - Wakaf land - Fatwa issued that land in dispute was wakaf land - Whether civil High Court seized with jurisdiction to determine validity of fatwa and wakaf - Whether there was issue of civil High Court trespassing into civil jurisdiction of Syariah Court - Whether parties involved were Muslims within definition of Administration of the Religion of Islam (State of Penang) Enactment 2004
Majlis Agama Islam Negeri Pulau Pinang v. Abdul Latiff Hassan & Anor
(Abdul Wahab Mohamed JC) [2018] 4 CLJ 525 [HC]

CONSTRUCTION LAW

Adjudication - Setting aside - Application for - Dispute as to balance amount payable for works done and completed - Whether adjudicator acted in excess of jurisdiction in allowing defendant's claim - Whether adjudicator allowed to refrain from utilising additional powers under s. 25(b) and (f) of Construction Industry Payment and Adjudication Act 2012 - Whether there had been denial of natural justice - Construction Industry Payment and Adjudication Act 2012, ss. 8, 15(b), (d), 21, 25(d), (i), (m) & 27
Ann Joo Integrated Steel Sdn Bhd v. Lim Chuan Hock & Sons Sdn Bhd
(Lim Chong Fong J) [2018] 4 CLJ 497 [HC]

CRIMINAL LAW

Penal Code - Section 323 read together with s. 326A - Plea of guilt - Accused sentenced to 12 months' imprisonment by Magistrate's Court - Whether term of imprisonment meted out must be two years - Whether there was failure to inform accused of mandatory imprisonment term of two years - Whether guilty plea sustained - Whether conviction and sentence ought to be set aside - Criminal Procedure Code, ss. 316(b)(i) & 325
Dennis Ong Chin Kiat v. PP
(Celestina Stuel Galid JC) [2018] 4 CLJ 519 [HC]

Trafficking in dangerous drugs - Accused charged for trafficking in 8676.9g of cannabis - Accused acquitted and discharged at end of prosecution's case - Appeal by prosecution - Whether prima facie case established - Defence that accused was set up - Whether defence probable - Whether character adduced during defence's narration existed - Whether accused's defence cast reasonable doubt on prosecution's case - Dangerous Drugs Act 1952, s. 39B(1)(a)
PP v. Mohd Razali Zakariya
(Tengku Maimun Tuan Mat, Ahmadi Asnawi, Kamardin Hashim JJCA) [2018] 4 CLJ 438 [CA]

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE

Appeal - Appeal against acquittal and discharge - Appeal by prosecution - Accused charged for trafficking in dangerous drugs - Defence that accused was set up - Whether character adduced during defence's narration existed - Whether existence of character supported by testimony of witnesses - Whether witnesses were credible witnesses - Whether accused's defence cast reasonable doubt on prosecution's case - Dangerous Drugs Act 1952, s. 39B(1)(a)
PP v. Mohd Razali Zakariya
(Tengku Maimun Tuan Mat, Ahmadi Asnawi, Kamardin Hashim JJCA) [2018] 4 CLJ 438 [CA]

Sentencing - Appeal against - Voluntarily causing hurt to wife - Section 323 read together with s. 326A of the Penal Code - Plea of guilt - Accused sentenced to 12 months' imprisonment by Magistrate's Court - Whether term of imprisonment meted out must be two years - Whether there was failure to inform accused of mandatory imprisonment term of two years - Whether guilty plea sustained - Whether conviction and sentence ought to be set aside - Whether appeal allowed - Criminal Procedure Code, ss. 316(b)(i) & 325
Dennis Ong Chin Kiat v. PP
(Celestina Stuel Galid JC) [2018] 4 CLJ 519 [HC]

LABOUR LAW

Employment - Dismissal - Probationer - Employee terminated with one month's salary due to failure to obtain recommendation from Head of Department for confirmation of services - Whether employee's appointment subject to conditions of service in letter of offer - Whether employee breached conditions of employment - Whether employer complied with principle of procedural fairness - Whether termination of employee's services a breach of art. 5 of Federal Constitution - Whether employer had right to terminate employee as probationer without assigning reason - Whether termination of employee's employment valid and consistent with terms of letter of offer
Lembaga Kemajuan Wilayah Kedah (KEDA) v. Nur Dini Mohd Noh
(Mohd Hishamudin Yunus, David Wong Dak Wah, Umi Kalthum Abdul Majid JJCA) [2018] 4 CLJ 423 [CA]

LAND LAW

Indefeasibility of title - Wakaf land - Wakaf land sold to subsequent purchaser - Whether title to land valid - Whether subsequent purchaser bona fide purchaser for value - Whether seller had legal capacity to sell land to subsequent purchaser - Whether rights or interest acquired by subsequent purchaser with regard to land was obtained by means of void instrument - Whether title and interest defeasible - Whether there was fraud - National Land Code, ss. 4(2) & 340(2)(b), (3)
Majlis Agama Islam Negeri Pulau Pinang v. Abdul Latiff Hassan & Anor
(Abdul Wahab Mohamed JC) [2018] 4 CLJ 525 [HC]

Strata title - Management corporation - Maintenance and management of building - Mandatory injunction to compel management corporation to maintain facilities of property - Whether facilities formed part of common property - Whether facilities exclusively benefited developer - Whether management corporation misused sinking fund - Whether sinking fund would only be utilised pursuant to special resolution of management corporation - Whether council members of management corporation could be made personally liable for breaches of duty by management corporation - Whether council members in breach of statutory duty - Whether defendants' defence of estoppel could succeed
3 Two Square Sdn Bhd v. Perbadanan Pengurusan 3 Two Square & Ors; Yong Shang Ming (Third Party)
(Azizul Azmi Adnan J) [2018] 4 CLJ 458 [HC]

Wakaf - Fatwa issued that land in dispute was wakaf land - Whether civil High Court seized with jurisdiction to hear matter - Whether land was wakaf land - Whether fatwa valid - Whether civil High Court bound by fatwa - Whether there was limitation of action - Indefeasibility of title of land - Administration of the Religion of Islam (State of Penang) Enactment 2004, ss. 89 & 90 - National Land Code, ss. 4(2) & 340
Majlis Agama Islam Negeri Pulau Pinang v. Abdul Latiff Hassan & Anor
(Abdul Wahab Mohamed JC) [2018] 4 CLJ 525 [HC]

LIMITATION

Land dispute - Wakaf land - Fatwa issued that land in dispute was wakaf land - Whether action caught up by limitation - Whether there was evidence to attribute knowledge on plaintiff of wakaf prior to commencement of action - Calculation of limitation - Date of discovery - Whether action barred by limitation
Majlis Agama Islam Negeri Pulau Pinang v. Abdul Latiff Hassan & Anor
(Abdul Wahab Mohamed JC) [2018] 4 CLJ 525 [HC]

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LNS Article(s)

1. KEDUDUKAN KETERANGAN AGENT PROVOCATEUR DI BAWAH UNDANG-UNDANG KETERANGAN MALAYSIA ^{[Read excerpt]}
   Ramalinggam Rajamanickam^[i] Teh Kok Ann^[ii] Ahmad Huzaifah Haris^[iii] Adlin Noramal Mohamed^[iv] Nurul Fatihah Ishak^[v] [2018] 1 LNS(A) xxxii

[2018] 1 LNS(A) xxxii



MALAYSIA

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KEDUDUKAN KETERANGAN AGENT PROVOCATEUR DI BAWAH UNDANG-UNDANG KETERANGAN MALAYSIA

Ramalinggam Rajamanickam^[i] Teh Kok Ann^[ii] Ahmad Huzaifah Haris^[iii]
Adlin Noramal Mohamed^[iv] Nurul Fatihah Ishak^[v]

ABSTRAK

Dalam suatu kes jenayah, siasatan adakalanya melibatkan anggota pihak penguat kuasa yang terlibat sebagai agent provocateur dalam jenayah berkenaan. Tangkapan seseorang suspek dilakukan berdasarkan maklumat yang diberikan oleh agent provocateur yang membantu dalam memerangkap jenayah yang dilakukan. Persoalan yang sering kali timbul di mahkamah adalah sama ada agent provocateur merupakan rakan sejenayah dan/atau pemberi maklumat dalam kes terbabit. Berdasarkan penglibatan agent provocateur, pihak pembelaan sering mencabar kewibawaannya dan menghujahkan bahawa agent provocateur tersebut ialah rakan sejenayah. Ini kerana terdapat pertikaian berkaitan dengan nilai probatif rakan sejenayah dan agent provocateur. Tambahan pula, tiada peruntukan khusus tentang agent provocateur dalam Akta Keterangan 1950. Sungguhpun demikian, pihak pendakwaan acap kali mengemukakan keterangan agent provocateur dalam kes-kes tertentu khususnya, dadah, rasuah dan pemerdagangan orang berdasarkan peruntukan yang terkandung dalam undang-undang khusus.

. . .

[i] Pensyarah Kanan, Fakulti Undang-undang, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). E-mel: rama@ukm.edu.my

[ii] Pelajar Prasiswazah, Fakulti Undang-undang, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). E-mel: kokannteh@gmail.com

[iii] Pelajar Prasiswazah, Fakulti Undang-undang, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). E-mel: huzaifahmrsmps@gmail.com

[iv] Pelajar Prasiswazah, Fakulti Undang-undang, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). E-mel: adlinmohamed95@gmail.com

[v] Pelajar Prasiswazah, Fakulti Undang-undang, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). E-mel: f.nurul.ishak@gmail.com

[vi] Pelajar Prasiswazah, Fakulti Undang-undang, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). E-mel: balqis6395@gmail.com

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2. RIGHT TO LIFE AND THE EFFECT OF THE MARCH 9, 2018 DECISION OF THE INDIAN SUPREME COURT TO LEGALISE PASSIVE EUTHANASIA IN THE LIGHT OF NARAYAN LAVATE AND IRAVATI'S REQUEST TO DIE ^{[Read excerpt]}
   OMIPIDAN, B.A.* [2018] 1 LNS(A) xxxiv

[2018] 1 LNS(A) xxxiv



NIGERIA

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RIGHT TO LIFE AND THE EFFECT OF THE MARCH 9, 2018 DECISION OF THE INDIAN SUPREME COURT TO LEGALISE PASSIVE EUTHANASIA IN THE LIGHT OF NARAYAN LAVATE AND IRAVATI'S REQUEST TO DIE

OMIPIDAN B.A.*

Abstract

Right to die is an evolution of the proponents of the concept of euthanasia and assisted suicide who opined that terminally ill and other vulnerable persons whose quality of life have depreciated should either die or be assisted to do so. The Indian Supreme Court had, on the 9th of March, 2018, legalized passive euthanasia for Indians stating that it is their fundamental right to die with dignity. However, Narayan and Iravati sought the Indian President's permission to actively die or be assisted to do so through euthanasia. It is in the light of this that this paper examines the request by an Indian elderly couple to die in spite of being healthy vis-à-vis the Indian Supreme Court's decision to legalize passive euthanasia. This paper will equally show that the desire of this couple to die is as a result of the misconception about right of autonomy and fear of becoming burdens to families and the government, coupled with lack of specific legislation to handle euthanasia and assisted suicide in India and that the court's decision amounts to usurping the right of the Indian Legislature to enact laws. It would at the end, show that in order to stop agitations of this kind in future, India should enact laws to specifically criminalize euthanasia and assisted suicide via the Parliament and not as the Supreme Court had done. The country should equally improve the quality of life of its citizenry and ensure adequate care for the elderly and other vulnerable people in society.

. . .

* Ph.D.; Associate Professor: Initiator & Founder of Euthanasia Prevention Initiative [EPI], Faculty of Law, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Kwara State Nigeria. E-MAIL: obashiruadeniyi@yahoo.com.

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