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Issue #24/2018 14 June 2018

New This Week Case(s) of the Week MOHD KAMAL OMAR v. UNITED OVERSEAS BANK (MALAYSIA) BHD & OTHER APPEALS [2018] 5 CLJ 657 Latest Cases Legal Network Series CLJ 2018 Volume 5 (Part 6) Articles LNS Article(s) Legislation Highlights Principal Acts Amending Acts PU(A) PU(B) Legislation Alert

MOHD KAMAL OMAR v. UNITED OVERSEAS BANK (MALAYSIA) BHD & OTHER APPEALS [2018] 5 CLJ 657
FEDERAL COURT, PUTRAJAYA
ZULKEFLI AHMAD MAKINUDIN PCA, ZAINUN ALI FCJ, RAMLY ALI FCJ, AZAHAR MOHAMED FCJ, BALIA YUSOF WAHI FCJ
[CIVIL APPEALS NO: 03(f)-2-04-2017(W), 03(f)-3-01-2017(W) & 03(f)-4-01-2017(W)]
03 MAY 2018

BANKRUPTCY: Notice – Setting aside – Judgment creditor obtained final judgment and commenced judgment debtors summons against judgment debtors – Whether judgment creditor entitled to commence bankruptcy proceeding – Making of order on judgment debtor summons pursuant to Debtors Act 1957 for satisfaction of original judgment by payment of instalments – Whether constitutes variation or modification of original judgment – Whether bankruptcy notice founded on original judgment invalidated – Whether bankruptcy notice a nullity

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Legal Network Series

[2017] 1 LNS 688	PP v. TEE CHONG EU CRIMINAL LAW: Penal Code - Section 448 - House-trespass - Trespassing public hall - Whether complainant in possession of public hall - Whether accused entered public hall with intent to commit a crime - Whether elements established CRIMINAL PROCEDURE: Appeal against acquittal and discharge - House-trespass - Whether prima facie case under s. 448 of Penal Code established - Material inconsistences in testimony of witnesses - Whether court conducted a maximum evaluation of the evidence - Whether any misdirection warranting appellate interference  For the appellant - Mohamad Suffian Ja'afar, Deputy Public Prosecutor  For the respondent - Thinesh Vadivelu; M/s Mustafa Ling & Co
[2017] 1 LNS 948	PP v. SITI MADINAH ILIAS KHAN CRIMINAL LAW: Anti-Trafficking in Persons and Anti-Smuggling of Migrants Act 2007 - Section 12 - Elements of offence - Whether established - Non-payment of maid's salaries - Physical abuse of maid - Whether exploitation - Whether 'forced labour' - Anti-Trafficking in Persons and Anti-Smuggling of Migrants Act 2007, s. 2 CRIMINAL PROCEDURE: Trial - Prima facie - Whether established - Trafficking in persons for exploitation and physical abuse - Whether prosecution adduced credible evidence - Whether maximum evaluation of evidence conducted - Criminal Procedure Code, ss. 173(f), 180(1) CRIMINAL PROCEDURE: Charge - Wrong charge - Non-payment of maid's salaries - Physical abuse of maid - Charge preferred under Anti-Trafficking in Persons and Anti-Smuggling of Migrants Act 2007 - Whether correct statute - Whether recourse should be made to Penal Code WORDS & PHRASES: 'Forced labour' - Anti-Trafficking in Persons and Anti-Smuggling of Migrants Act 2007, s. 2 - Non-payment of maid's salaries - Physical abuse of maid - Elements of 'forced labour' - Whether satisfied  For the prosecution/appellant - TPR Haslida; Jabatan Peguam Negara  For the respondent - Wan Rohimi Wan Daud; M/s Tengku Amalin' A-Ishah Putri, Faizi & Wan Rohimi
[2017] 1 LNS 1067	PP lwn. ARIVALAGAN VELU & YANG LAIN PROSEDUR JENAYAH: Jaminan - Kesalahan keselamatan - Seksyen 13 Akta Kesalahan Keselamatan (Langkah-Langkah Khas) 2012 ('SOSMA') - Kesalahan di bawah Bab VIB Kanun Keseksaan - Sama ada jaminan boleh diberikan kepada seseorang yang dipertuduh atas suatu kesalahan keselamatan - Sama ada kes pemohon termasuk di bawah pengecualian ss. 13(2)(a),(b),(c) SOSMA  Bagi pihak pendakwa raya - Saiful Edris & Muhamad Fadzalan Mohd Noor, Timbalan Pendakwa Raya  Bagi pihak OKT-OKT - Vasudevan Appu; T/n Vasudevan A & Co
[2017] 1 LNS 1328	FONG PIK HUA lwn. SANG LIAN FATT UNDANG-UNDANG KELUARGA: Perceraian - Pembubaran perkahwinan - Rujukan kepada tribunal perkahwinan gagal - Pihak-pihak tinggal berasingan - Pihak-pihak saling tidak mempercayai satu sama lain - Pihak-pihak sering bergaduh - Sama ada perkahwinan dapat diselamatkan - Sama ada titik kebahagiaan dalam diri pihak-pihak hanya akan tercapai jika perkahwinan dibubarkan UNDANG-UNDANG KELUARGA: Anak - Penjagaan - Anak-anak dijaga sejak kecil oleh pempetisyen isteri - Anak berumur 7 tahun ke bawah - Anak-anak menjalani kehidupan stabil bersama pempetisyen isteri - Anak-anak dijaga dengan sempurna oleh pempetisyen selepas keluar daripada rumah matrimoni - Responden suami tidak mempunyai kediaman tetap - Responden suami gagal memberikan nafkah kepada anak - Sama ada hak penjagaan, pemeliharaan dan kawalan anak wajar diberikan kepada pempetisyen isteri UNDANG-UNDANG KELUARGA: Anak - Akses - Hak akses kepada bapa - Akses hujung minggu setiap minggu dan bermalam dengan anak-anak - Jarak tempat tinggal anak-anak dan bapa adalah jauh - Sama ada persekolahan anak-anak dan aktiviti kokurikulum persekolahan akan terganggu dengan pemberian akses kepada bapa UNDANG-UNDANG KELUARGA: Anak - Nafkah - Responden suami mendakwa tidak mempunyai pekerjaan tetap dan merupakan seorang yang kurang upaya - Responden suami sengaja berusaha untuk mengelakkan dirinya dari menanggung beban memberikan nafkah - Responden suami tidak mengemukakan bukti pendapatan - Sama ada responden suami harus memberikan nafkah kepada anak-anak - Sama ada pemberian nafkah meningkat mengikut peringkat pembelajaran UNDANG-UNDANG KELUARGA: Harta matrimoni - Pembahagian - Harta sepencarian - Sumbangan pembelian hartanah di buat oleh pempetisyen isteri secara persendirian - Responden suami dengan sengaja tidak mahu memberikan nafkah kepada anak-anak tersebut - Sama ada bahagian responden suami keatas hartanah perlu dipegang oleh peguam pempetisyen isteri sebagai pemegang amanah untuk membayar nafkah hidup anak-anak sehingga selesai UNDANG-UNDANG KELUARGA: Aset-aset matrimoni - Pembahagian - Simpanan tetap bank bersama - Sama ada wang-wang simpanan tetap bersama wajar dibahagikan sama rata - Sama ada bahagian responden suami wajar dipegang oleh pempetisyen isteri untuk membayar nafkah anak  Bagi pihak pempetisyen - CM Lai; T/n CM Lai & Partners  Bagi pihak responden - S Selvam; T/n Selvam Shanmugam & Partners
[2018] 1 LNS 23	PP v. MUHAMMAD FIRDAUS MOHD RAMLI & ANOR CRIMINAL LAW: Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission Act 2009 - Section 16(a)(A) - Offence of accepting gratification - Evidence of money received - Whether gratification accepted by public servant - Whether presumption of corruption may be invoked - Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission Act 2009, s. 50 EVIDENCE: Presumption - Presumption of corruption - Rebutting presumption of corruption - Contradictory evidence adduced by prosecution witnesses - Whether amounts to rebuttal evidence - Whether presumption may be rebutted during prosecution's case - Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission Act 2009, s. 50  For the appellant - Farah Yazmin Salleh, Deputy Public Prosecutor; Malaysia Anti Corruption Commission  For the respondent - Salehuddin Saidin, Zulaikha Fardi & Muhamad Muhaimin Azmi; M/s Salehuddin Saidin & Associates
[2017] 5 LNS 32	LETCHUMANAN DORAISAMY lwn. MUHAMMAD SANI ABDULLAH & 2 ORS LALULINTAS JALAN: Rayuan - Ganti rugi - Kemalangan jalan raya - Kemalangan antara motorsikal dan motorkar di simpang jalan - Liabiliti - Unsur frod - Kaedah-kaedah Lalu Lintas Jalan 1959, r. 10  Bagi pihak plaintif- Kuppusamy Sinnasamy & Fadzil Mohd Khalil; S Kuppusamy, Fadzil & Co  Bagi pihak defendan pertama dan kedua - Kaniamuthan Thiruvida Selvan; VP Nathan & Partners  Bagi pihak defendan ketiga - Tay Kwai Lian; PR Manecksha & Assoc

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CLJ 2018 Volume 5 (Part 6)

FEDERAL COURT

Mohd Kamal Omar v. United Overseas Bank (Malaysia) Bhd & Other Appeals
Zulkefli Ahmad Makinudin PCA, Zainun Ali, Ramly Ali, Azahar Mohamed, Balia Yusof Wahi FCJJ
(Bankruptcy - Variation or modification of original judgment - Whether bankruptcy notice founded on original judgment invalidated) [2018] 5 CLJ 657 [FC]

 For the appellant - Gopal Sri Ram, Wong Rhen Yen, Afdhilani Jusof, David Yii, Damien Chan, Bastian Pius Vendargon, Mohamed Fadzil Abdul Manan, Mohd Amran Mohd Aminuddin; M/s Hanif Idris & Assocs
 For the respondent - Ng Sai Yeang & Loh Kah Hey; M/s Raja, Darryl & Loh

COURT OF APPEAL

Ooi Siew Eng & Ors v. Link Ventures Sdn Bhd (In Liquidation) & Another Appeal
Hamid Sultan Abu Backer, Badariah Sahamid, Mary Lim JJCA
(Contract - Specific performance - Whether appropriate) [2018] 5 CLJ 668 [CA]

(Civil Appeal No: B-02(NCVC)(W)-811-04-2017)
 For the appellants - Malik lmtiaz Sarwar, Arthur Wang Ming Way, Hanan Mohd Kamal & Sukhdev Kaur; M/s Arthur Wang, Lian & Assocs
 For the respondent - Kevin Wong Wye Keong & Ng Dee Ming; M/s Yeap, Yong & Amy
(Civil Appeal No: B-02(NCVC)(W)-812-04-2017)
 For the appellants - Ranjit Kaur & Elyna Madeonus; M/s SL Leong, Kartina & Partners
 For the respondents - Malik Imtiaz Sarwar & Arthur Wang Ming Way, Hanan Mohd Kamal & Sukhdev Kaur; M/s Arthur Wang, Lian & Assocs

Peh Wee Lee & Anor v. Pendaftar Hakmilik Negeri Sembilan & Ors
Umi Kalthum Abdul Majid, Abdul Rahman Sebli, Zaleha Yusof JJCA
(Jurisdiction; Words & Phrases - Whether Sessions Court has jurisdiction to issue prohibitory order - 'court' - National Land Code, s. 334) [2018] 5 CLJ 681 [CA]

 For the appellant - LM Looi & Nadirah Zulkhanain; M/s Dennis Nik & Wong
 For the respondent - Iskandar Ali Dewa & Roziaton Mohd Nordin; State Legal Advisors, Negeri Sembilan

PP v. Mohamed Danny Mohamed Jedi
Mohd Zawawi Salleh, Ahmadi Asnawi, Kamardin Hashim JJCA
(Criminal Law - Criminal Procedure - Penal Code - Section 130Q(1) - Sentencing - Appeal against) [2018] 5 CLJ 692 [CA]

 For the appellant - Dhiya Syazwani Izyan Mohd Akhir; DPP
 For the respondent - Arik Zakri Abdul Kadir; M/s The Chambers of Arik & Kamal

HIGH COURT

Independent Oil Tools Ltd v. Dato' Ramli Md Nor & Ors
Azizul Azmi Adnan J
(Company Law - Derivate action - Application for leave – Whether made in good faith) [2018] 5 CLJ 706 [HC]

 For the applicant - Saranjit Singh & Dhiya Shukri; M/s Saranjit Singh
 For the respondents - Shahabudin Shaik Alaudin & Rosnida Che Ibrahim; M/s Shahabudin & Rozima

Karen Young v. Ng Tia Ching
Hayatul Akmal Abdul Aziz JC
(Family Law - Application to vary terms in decree nisi) [2018] 5 CLJ 716 [HC]

 For the petitioner wife - Teoh Chye Yi; M/s Raja, Darryl & Loh
 For the petitioner husband - Sukhbeer Singh; M/s Sukhbeer & Assocs

MST Marketing Sdn Bhd v. Ketua Pengarah Kastam, Jabatan Kastam Diraja Malaysia
Kamaludin Md Said J
(Revenue Law - Goods and services tax - Claim for refund) [2018] 5 CLJ 729 [HC]

 For the appellant - Jason Tan; M/s Lee Hishamuddin Allen & Gledhill
 For the respondent - Haryati Ahmad; SFC

Nasser Ali Azayez Maktoum Al Sheraifi & Ors Affinity Heights Sdn Bhd
Mohd Nazlan Ghazali J
(Civil Procedure; Company Law - Winding up - Application to cross-examine deponent of affidavit - Whether made in good faith) [2018] 5 CLJ 751 [HC]

 For the petitioners - Jeremy Khalif & Olivia Lee; M/s Nadzarin Kuok Puthucheary & Tan
 For the respondent - Mohd Reza & RM Yeoh; M/s Mohd Imtiaz Choong & Partners

Tee Lee Yang lwn. PP
Mat Ghani Abdullah PK
(Prosedur Jenayah - Semakan - Sama ada perintah pengawasan sah) [2018] 5 CLJ 766 [HC]

 Bagi pihak pemohon - Mak Kah Keong & Chuah Shyuen Chien; T/n KK Mak & Co
 Bagi pihak responden - Noorfazlin Hamdan; TPR

SUBJECT INDEX

CIVIL PROCEDURE

Affidavit - Cross-examination of deponent of affidavit - Application for winding up under s. 218(1)(f) and (i) of Companies Act 1965 - Whether cross-examination in winding up context exceptional and rarely granted - Whether within discretion of court - Whether application made in good faith - Whether relevant issues for cross-examination identified - Whether application pre-mature and superfluous - Whether cross-examination would promote cause of justice - Whether application justified - Rules of Court 2012, O. 38 r. 2(2)
Nasser Ali Azayez Maktoum Al Sheraifi & Ors Affinity Heights Sdn Bhd
(Mohd Nazlan Ghazali J) [2018] 5 CLJ 751 [HC]

BANKRUPTCY

Notice - Setting aside - Judgment creditor obtained final judgment and commenced judgment debtor summons against judgment debtors - Whether judgment creditor entitled to commence bankruptcy proceeding - Making of order on judgment debtor summons pursuant to Debtors Act 1957 for satisfaction of original judgment by payment of instalments - Whether constitutes variation or modification of original judgment - Whether bankruptcy notice founded on original judgment invalidated - Whether bankruptcy notice a nullity
Mohd Kamal Omar v. United Overseas Bank (Malaysia) Bhd & Other Appeals
(Zulkefli Ahmad Makinudin PCA, Zainun Ali, Ramly Ali, Azahar Mohamed, Balia Yusof Wahi FCJJ) [2018] 5 CLJ 657 [FC]

COMPANY LAW

Derivate action - Leave to commence derivative action - Application for - Parties entered into joint venture agreement - Majority shareholder of joint venture company owed money to joint venture company - Application filed by minority shareholder to recover sums due on unpaid invoices from majority shareholder - Whether directors received any notice that minority shareholder/applicant applied for leave of court - Whether there were defects in notification - Whether application made in good faith - Companies Act 2016, ss. 347 & 348
Independent Oil Tools Ltd v. Dato' Ramli Md Nor & Ors
(Azizul Azmi Adnan J) [2018] 5 CLJ 706 [HC]

Winding up - Proceedings against company - Application under s. 218(1)(f) and (i) of Companies Act 1965 supported by affidavit - Application by company to cross-examine deponent of affidavit - Whether cross-examination in winding up context exceptional and rarely granted - Whether within discretion of court - Whether application made in good faith - Whether relevant issues for cross-examination identified - Whether application pre-mature and superfluous - Whether cross-examination would promote cause of justice - Whether application justified - Rules of Court 2012, O. 38 r. 2(2)
Nasser Ali Azayez Maktoum Al Sheraifi & Ors Affinity Heights Sdn Bhd
(Mohd Nazlan Ghazali J) [2018] 5 CLJ 751 [HC]

CONTRACT

Specific performance - Sale and purchase agreement - Sale and purchase of property - Two sets of sale and purchase agreements - Whether earlier sale and purchase agreement valid and enforceable - Whether subsequent sale and purchase agreement null and void - Whether High Court should order specific performance of earlier sale and purchase agreement - Whether specific performance appropriate
Ooi Siew Eng & Ors v. Link Ventures Sdn Bhd (In Liquidation) & Another Appeal
(Hamid Sultan Abu Backer, Badariah Sahamid, Mary Lim JJCA) [2018] 5 CLJ 668 [CA]

CRIMINAL LAW

Penal Code - Section 130Q(1) - Dealing with terrorist property - Accepting monies in personal bank account to be distributed to individuals involved in terrorist act - Sentencing - Four years imprisonment from date of arrest - Appeal by prosecution - Factors considered by High Court - Plea of guilt - Indirect participation - Whether severity of offence outweighed accused's plea of guilt - Whether sentence grossly inadequate - Whether sentence should be enhanced
PP v. Mohamed Danny Mohamed Jedi
(Mohd Zawawi Salleh, Ahmadi Asnawi, Kamardin Hashim JJCA) [2018] 5 CLJ 692 [CA]

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE

Sentence - Appeal against - Appeal by prosecution - Dealing with terrorist property - Accepting monies in personal bank account to be distributed to individuals involved in terrorist act - Four years imprisonment from date of arrest - Factors considered by High Court in imposing sentence - Plea of guilt - Indirect participation - Whether severity of offence outweighed accused's plea of guilt - Whether sentence grossly inadequate - Whether sentence should be enhanced - Penal Code, s. 130Q(1)
PP v. Mohamed Danny Mohamed Jedi
(Mohd Zawawi Salleh, Ahmadi Asnawi, Kamardin Hashim JJCA) [2018] 5 CLJ 692 [CA]

FAMILY LAW

Children - Maintenance - Application to vary terms in decree nisi - Whether decree nisi could be varied - Whether there were material changes in circumstances - Whether major expenses arose - Whether child proven to be dyslexic and needed to be enrolled in international school - Whether there was in depth psychological report to prove son's alleged condition - Whether financial difficulties that arose a result of self inflicted hardship - Whether qualified as special circumstances to vary decree nisi - Whether court could make order for maintenance that casts hardship on one party - Law Reform (Marriage and Divorce) Act 1976, s. 96
Karen Young v. Ng Tia Ching
(Hayatul Akmal Abdul Aziz JC) [2018] 5 CLJ 716 [HC]

JURISDICTION

Sessions Court - Prohibitory order - Prohibitory order issued in relation to immovable property - Whether Sessions Court has jurisdiction to issue prohibitory order - Whether jurisdiction limited by s. 69 of Subordinate Courts Act 1948 - Whether prohibitory order should have been obtained at High Court - Rules of Court 2012, O. 1 r. 4(2) & O. 47 r. 6(a)
Peh Wee Lee & Anor v. Pendaftar Hakmilik Negeri Sembilan & Ors
(Umi Kalthum Abdul Majid, Abdul Rahman Sebli, Zaleha Yusof JJCA) [2018] 5 CLJ 681 [CA]

REVENUE LAW

Goods and services tax - Refund - Claim for - Whether goods were under category of which special refund was applicable - Whether goods owned by applicant - Whether information in claim for special refund was misrepresented - Whether claim for special refund rejected - Whether decision to reject claim for refund tainted with illegality and irrationality - Goods and Services Tax Act 2014, ss. 81, 124, 190 & 191(3)
MST Marketing Sdn Bhd v. Ketua Pengarah Kastam, Jabatan Kastam Diraja Malaysia
(Kamaludin Md Said J) [2018] 5 CLJ 729 [HC]

WORDS & PHRASES

'court' - National Land Code, s. 334 - Whether High Court or Sessions Court - Use of small 'c' in s. 334 - Whether use of capital 'C' in s. 5 to interpret 'Court' meant High Court in Malaya - Whether court of competent jurisdiction to issue prohibitory order for purpose of s. 334 was High Court in Malaya - Whether Sessions Court lacked jurisdiction to issue prohibitory order
Peh Wee Lee & Anor v. Pendaftar Hakmilik Negeri Sembilan & Ors
(Umi Kalthum Abdul Majid, Abdul Rahman Sebli, Zaleha Yusof JJCA) [2018] 5 CLJ 681 [CA]

INDEKS PERKARA

PROSEDUR JENAYAH

Semakan - Semakan terhadap keputusan Mahkamah Majistret - Pertuduhan memasukkan dadah berbahaya dalam diri sendiri - Pengakuan bersalah - Hukuman denda dan pengawasan - Kecacatan dalam prosiding dan perintah pengawasan - Sama ada perintah pengawasan sah dan boleh dikuatkuasakan - Sama ada sabitan dan hukuman selamat - Akta Dadah Berbahaya 1952, ss. 15(1)(a) & 38B - Kanun Tatacara Jenayah, ss. 173 & 323
Tee Lee Yang lwn. PP
(Mat Ghani Abdullah PK) [2018] 5 CLJ 766 [HC]

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LNS Article(s)

1. THE SUPREMACY OF THE INDIAN ARBITRATION ACT 2015:Is there a need for disciplinary mechanism?* ^{[Read excerpt]}
   JUSTICE DATUK DR. HAJI HAMID SULTAN BIN ABU BACKER** [2018] 1 LNS(A) lii

[2018] 1 LNS(A) lii



MALAYSIA

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THE SUPREMACY OF THE INDIAN ARBITRATION ACT 2015:
Is there a need for disciplinary mechanism?*

JUSTICE DATUK DR. HAJI HAMID SULTAN BIN ABU BACKER**

Abstract

"This paper will critically examine the issues related to international arbitration currently in vogue in India to advocate that the Indian Act as amended in 2015 may stand as supreme in contrast to the Acts of countries which have only accepted the Model Law without any robust modification. In addition, this paper will recommend that disciplinary mechanism is a must to check misconduct of arbitrators and to uphold the integrity of the process. The paper identifies areas where the new amendments to the Indian Arbitration Act 1996 have introduced salutary practices that are worth emulating in other jurisdictions. These areas include timeliness in the application for appointment of arbitrators, fast-track arbitration, clarity on interim measures, control of the fee structure, further limiting court's intervention, timely delivery of the arbitral award, fees, reward and penalty, enforcement proceedings and disciplinary mechanism for arbitrators."

. . .

* Paper by Justice Datuk Dr. Haji Hamid Sultan bin Abu Backer, Judge Court of Appeal, Malaysia, dedicated to the learning of International, Domestic and Domestic International Arbitration. Consent is given to all to be published in law and arbitration related journals. The author wishes to thank advocates, Arun Kasi, Appukutan, Nizam Basir (Malaysia), S.V. Parvin Rathinam and V. Saratha Devi (Madras High Court, Chennai) for their support and assistance in writing this paper. Special thanks to Dr. Umar A. Oseni and Dr. Eng Seng Ho of Middle East Institute (MEI) of National University of Singapore, for reading this paper in draft and also for their effort in publication.

** Judge Court of Appeal, Malaysia. He is an Honorary Visiting Professor of Damodaran Sanjivayya National Law University, Visakhapatnam, India; Adjunct Professor International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM); Adjunct Professor Multimedia University Malaysia (MMU)...

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2. HARMONY IN DISHARMONY: A STUDY ON JUDICIAL TREATMENT IN MALAYSIAN CASESOF CONFLICT PERTAINING TO METHODS/MODES OF DISPUTE RESOLUTION ^{[Read excerpt]}
   EDWARD KURUVILLA* [2018] 1 LNS(A) li

[2018] 1 LNS(A) li



MALAYSIA

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HARMONY IN DISHARMONY: A STUDY ON JUDICIAL TREATMENT IN MALAYSIAN CASES
OF CONFLICT PERTAINING TO METHODS/MODES OF DISPUTE RESOLUTION

EDWARD KURUVILLA*

Abstract

Following the introduction of the Arbitration Act 2005, there have been a host of cases that have considered the relationship between the arbitration clause and the exclusive jurisdiction clause in a said agreement, or a series of agreements. This paper considers in detail the main authorities on the subject and explores how the Courts have dealt with this point in question, as well as the rationale behind these decisions.

Although both, the Federal Court and the Court of Appeal may have, following the decisions in Boccard Oil & Gas Sdn. Bhd. v. TNB Engneering and Consultancy Sdn. Bhd. & Anor. (2009) and Lembaga Pelabuhan Kelang v. Kuala Dimensi Sdn. Bhd. and another appeal (2010), provided a relatively bleak outlook in the Malaysian arbitration industry insofar as it concerned the interpretation of arbitration clauses and exclusive jurisdiction clauses, the trend of judicial treatment by the Courts of Malaysia in numerous subsequent cases seem to indicate a preference for a "harmonious approach", so as to ensure both clauses are given effect, where it is possible to do so.

. . .

* Advocate & Solicitor of the High Court of Malaya.

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3. LAW AS A MEANS OF SERVING JUSTICE IN NIGERIA ^{[Read excerpt]}
   HAKEEM IJAIYA*HAKEEMAT IJAIYA** [2018] 1 LNS(A) l

[2018] 1 LNS(A) l



NIGERIA

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LAW AS A MEANS OF SERVING JUSTICE IN NIGERIA

HAKEEM IJAIYA*
HAKEEMAT IJAIYA**

Abstract

Right from the ancient times, the relationship between law and justice constantly appears to be one of the most stimulating as well as penetrating controversial ideas. The paper will discuss the fundamental concept of law and justice by assessing the ideas of a few justice thinkers, some key theories of law and justice, and some cardinal indicators of law and justice with a practical example from Nigeria. The study adopted qualitative research which comprises doctrinal and non-doctrinal methods. The research draws information from primary and secondary sources. The information obtained was subjected to content analysis. The paper found that justice is an inherent component of the law and not separate or distinct from it. The paper also found that the idea of justice has been trapped by political ideologies, religions, cultural intolerance, poverty, deprivation, gender discrimination, violation of human rights and inequality in Nigeria. In quintessence, the paper concludes that law is justice. The paper recommends that the courts should lean on the side of justice in any case of conflict between law and justice for effective administration of justice.

. . .

* Associate Professor of Law, Ph.D., University of Ilorin, Nigeria (hakeemijaiya@gmail.com) +2348060645677

** University of Ilorin, Nigeria (hakeematijaiya@gmail.com) +2348141229982

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