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Issue #44/2018 01 November 2018

New This Week Case(s) of the Week TAN WEI HONG & ORS v. MALAYSIA AIRLINES BHD & OTHER APPEALS [2018] 9 CLJ 425 MOHD FAIZAL MUSA v. MENTERI KESELAMATAN DALAM NEGERI [2018] 9 CLJ 496 Appeal Update Appeal Update Latest Cases Legal Network Series CLJ 2018 Volume 9 (Part 4) Articles LNS Article(s) CLJ Article(s) Legislation Highlights Principal Acts Amending Acts PU(A) PU(B) Legislation Alert

TAN WEI HONG & ORS v. MALAYSIA AIRLINES BHD & OTHER APPEALS [2018] 9 CLJ 425
FEDERAL COURT, PUTRAJAYA
MD RAUS SHARIF CJ, ZULKEFLI AHMAD MAKINUDIN PCA, RAMLY ALI FCJ, ZAHARAH IBRAHIM FCJ, BALIA YUSOF WAHI FCJ
[CIVIL APPEALS NO: 02(f)-29-03-2017(W), 01(f)-14-05-2017(W) & 01(f)-15-05-2017(W)]
28 MARCH 2018

CIVIL PROCEDURE: Striking out – Statement of claim – Claim by dependants of deceased passengers on board flight MH 370 – Test for striking out – Whether claim sustainable – Whether action against Malaysia Airlines Berhad (MAB) sustainable – Whether MAB assumed liabilities of Malaysian Airline System Berhad – ‘Carrier’ under article 21 of Montreal Convention 1999 – Whether primary duty of military air force was to guard safety of Malaysian airspace from external threats to sovereignty of nation – Whether action against air force obviously unsustainable – Rules of Court 2012, O. 18 r. 19

TORT: Vicarious liability – Liability of Government – Claim by dependants of deceased passengers on board flight MH 370 – Liability of government as employer of Director General of Department of Civil Aviation and Royal Malaysian Air Force – Whether governed by s. 5 of Government Proceedings Act 1956 – Whether involved factual determination – Whether there were triable issues to be fully argued at trial – Whether application to strike out claim ought to be dismissed – Rules of Court 2012, O. 18 r. 19

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MOHD FAIZAL MUSA v. MENTERI KESELAMATAN DALAM NEGERI [2018] 9 CLJ 496
COURT OF APPEAL, PUTRAJAYA
TENGKU MAIMUN TUAN MAT JCA, AHMADI ASNAWI JCA, ZALEHA YUSOF JCA
[CIVIL APPEAL NO: W-01(A)-336-08-2016]
10 JANUARY 2018

ADMINISTRATIVE LAW: Judicial review – Application to quash Minister’s order prohibiting books – Contents of books related to Islamic law matters – Whether books prejudicial to public order – Whether reasonable for Minister to place reliance on decision of Jawatankuasa Fatwa – Whether Minister’s decision in making order valid, rational, and reasonable – Whether there was procedural impropriety – Whether order contravened books’ author’s constitutional and fundamental rights – Printing, Presses and Publications Act 1984, s. 7(1) – Federal Constitution, arts. 8 & 10

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW: Fundamental liberties – Freedom of speech – Minister’s order prohibiting books – Contents of books related to Islamic law matters – Whether books prejudicial to public order – Whether reasonable for Minister to place reliance on decision of Jawatankuasa Fatwa – Whether Minister’s decision in making order valid, rational, and reasonable – Whether there was procedural impropriety – Whether order breached books’ author’s constitutional and fundamental rights of freedom of speech – Printing Presses and Publications Act 1984, s. 7(1) – Federal Constitution, arts. 8 & 10

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1. Alexis Zogbelemou v. PP [2018] 1 LNS 165 (CA) affirming the High Court case of PP v. Alexis Zogbelemou [Criminal Trial No: 45A-240-10/2012]

2. Manmathan Kemson lwn. PP [2018] 1 LNS 445 (CA) affirming the High Court case of PP lwn. Manmathan Kemson [Rayuan Jenayah No: B-05(M)-226-07/2016]

Legal Network Series

[2017] 1 LNS 1779	BORHAN MOHD DOYA v. MAHA PERSADA CAPITAL SDN BHD; DATO' Ir HJ YUSNI MEON (PROPOSED INTERVENER) COMPANY LAW: Liquidators - Private liquidator - Appointment - Appointment of private liquidator to replace official receiver - Application by a party who was not a contributory and creditor of company - Whether only creditors and contributors of company are able to apply for appointment - Companies Act 1965, s. 227(2)  For the applicant - Mohd Fairus Ismail; M/s Palany, Fairus & Adib Chambers  For the respondent - Norfadila & Norizan; Official Receiver of Malaysia, MdI Cawangan Selangor  For Shahrin - Vinod Sharma; M/s Raihan Sharma & Co
[2017] 1 LNS 1775	MOHD ASHRAF IBRAHIM v. PP CRIMINAL PROCEDURE: Appeal - Appeal against sentence - Statutory rape - Accused sentenced to 15 years imprisonment from date of conviction and 4 strokes of whipping - Accused repented and remorseful - Accused married and sole bread winner with a small child - Consenting partners - Young offender - Whether court needs to strike a balance in order to do justice to accused, victim and the public - Whether special consideration should be given to young offender - Whether long prison term would have a crushing effect on accused  For the solicitor/appellant - Latifah Ariffin; M/s Latifah Ariffin & Co  For the prosecution/respondent - TPR Shaharaliza Ab Razak; Pejabat Penasihat Undang-Undang Negeri Kelantan
[2017] 1 LNS 698	CHONG KON HEE & SATU LAGI lwn. B JAGANATH BALAKRISHNAN GANTI RUGI: Rayuan - Kuantum - Ganti rugi am - Kehilangan pendapatan - Hakim bicara mengawadkan kehilangan pendapatan kepada responden sebagai pengurus pusat tuisyen untuk 12 bulan - Responden hanya mengemukakan sijil cuti sakit selama 4 bulan sahaja - Laporan perubatan mengesahkan responden mengalami kecacatan yang serius akibat kecederaan - Sama ada sijil cuti sakit selama 4 bulan sudah cukup untuk membuktikan responden memang mengalami kecederaan yang serius akibat daripada kemalangan - Sama ada keterangan responden bahawa beliau tidak dapat bekerja untuk 12 bulan boleh diterima GANTI RUGI: Rayuan - Kuantum - Ganti rugi am - Kehilangan keupayaan pendapatan - Kecederaan dan keilatan yang serius - Sebahagian besar pendapatan responden adalah melalui perniagaan-perniagaan - Kerja-kerja yang memerlukan fizikal yang sihat - Sama ada responden berupaya untuk menjalankan kerja-kerja secara tersendiri - Sama ada responden terpaksa menggaji pekerja lain untuk menjalankan kerja-kerja - Sama ada terdapat pengurangan kepada pendapatan responden - Sama ada awad yang diberikan adalah betul mengikut s. 28A Akta Undang-Undang Sivil 1956  Bagi pihak perayu/defendan-defendan - G Shanmuka Thasan; T/n Khoo & Sidhu  Bagi pihak responden/plaintif - Inderpal Singh; T/n Saleem Gill & Partners
[2017] 1 LNS 697	CHONG KEAN HUWAT lwn. SO KIM SAN @ SOH KIM SOON HAD MASA: Tanah - Pelaksanaan spesifik - Tindakan untuk pelaksanaan spesifik penjualan tanah dan perishtiharan milikan terhadap tanah - Sama ada tempoh had masa adalah 12 tahun dari tempoh tarikh pindahmilik tanah ditolak oleh mahkamah - Sama ada tindakan plaintif telah dihalang oleh had masa KONTRAK: Jual beli tanah - Pelaksanaan spesifik - Kewujudan - Tanah dijual secara escrow - Penjual telah menerima harga jual beli sepenuhnya dengan syarat tanah akan dipindahmilik kepada pembeli selepas 5 tahun - Kerajaan telah memberi kebenaran untuk tanah dipindahmilik kepada pembeli selepas 5 tahun - Dokumen-dokumen berkaitan tanah dipegang oleh pembeli - Yuran premium tanah dibayar oleh pembeli - Sama ada terma-terma dan syarat-syarat jualan telah dipenuhi - Sama ada tanah telah dibeli oleh plaintif daripada defendan - Sama ada plaintif adalah pemunya tanah - Sama ada kontrak jual beli tanah di antara plaintif dan defendan adalah sah UNDANG-UNDANG TANAH: Penjualan tanah - Hakmilik - Hakmilik terhadap tanah oleh penjual - Penjual tidak mempunyai geran atas namanya semasa menjual tanah - Sama ada seseorang penjual perlu mempunyai hakmilik terhadap tanah pada masa jual beli atau pada masa tanah sepatutnya dipindahmilik kepada pembeli - Sama ada penjual perlu mempunyai geran di atas namanya semasa menjual tanah kepada pembeli TUANTANAH DAN PENYEWA: Sewaan - Kewujudan - Ketiadaan dokumen-dokumen berkaitan dengan penyewaan tanah - Ketiadaan pembayaran sewa - Sama ada terdapat penyewaan tanah  Bagi pihak plaintif - Francis JL Tan & Norhamizah Mustafa; T/n Rosni, Francis Tan & Ho  Bagi pihak defendan - Manian K Marappan; T/n Manian K Marappan & Company
[2016] 1 LNS 1853	PP lwn. SHAHZAD HUSSAIN & YANG LAIN; MALAYAN BANKING BERHAD & SATU LAGI (THIRD PARTY) UNDANG-UNDANG JENAYAH: Akta Pencegahan Pengubahan Wang Haram dan Pencegahan Pembiayaan Keganasan dan Hasil Daripada Aktiviti Haram 2001 ('Akta 2001') - Seksyen 56, 61(4)(a), (b), (c), (d), (e) - Permohonan untuk melucutkan harta yang disita kepada kerajaan - Pemohon tidak mempertikaikan bahawa harta-harta yang disita adalah milik pihak ketiga - Harta-harta yang disita bukan hasil dari aktiviti haram atau untuk kegunaan sesuatu yang menyalahi undang-undang - Wang-wang adalah kepunyaan pihak ketiga - Sama ada penuntut mempunyai kepentingan sah di sisi undang-undang terhadap harta-harta yang disita - Sama ada kehendak peruntukan ss. 61(4)(a), (b), (c), (d), (e) Akta 2001 telah dipenuhi - Sama ada harta-harta yang disita wajar dikembalikan kepada pihak ketiga  Bagi pihak pemohon - Nur Ashikin Mokhtar, Timbalan Pendakwa Raya  Bagi pihak responden-responden - Prakasam & SS Ruben; M/s S.S. Ruban & Associates  Bagi pihak penuntut - Christopher Arun Francis & Johnson Lim Fung Tat; T/n Arif Rozhan & Co

 

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CLJ 2018 Volume 9 (Part 4)

FEDERAL COURT

Tan Wei Hong & Ors v. Malaysia Airlines Bhd & Other Appeals
Md Raus Sharif CJ, Zulkefli Ahmad Makinudin PCA, Ramly Ali, Zaharah Ibrahim, Balia Yusof Wahi FCJJ
(Civil Procedure; Tort - Striking out - Claim by dependants of deceased passengers on board flight MH 370 - Whether claim sustainable) [2018] 9 CLJ 425 [FC]

 For the plaintiffs - Sangeet Kaur Deo, Ngeow Chow Ying & Tan Chee Kian; M/s Ngeow & Tan
 For the 2nd defendant - Logan Sabapathy, Sanjeev Kumar, Carmelia Cheong & Najihah Farhana Che Awang; M/s Sanjeev Kumar
 For the 3rd, 4th & 5th defendants - Alice Loke Yee Ching SFC & Shaiful Nizam Shahrin FC

COURT OF APPEAL

BK Fleet Management Sdn Bhd v. Stanson Marketing Sdn Bhd
Abang Iskandar, Badariah Sahamid, Mary Lim JJCA
(Contract - Illegality - Knowledge - Whether agreements for unlawful purposes) [2018] 9 CLJ 449 [CA]

 For the appellant - Lee Beng San & Saravanesh Supramaniam; M/s Allen Chee Ram
 For the respondent - Not present

Ketua Setiausaha Kementerian Pertahanan Malaysia & Anor v. Bumita Sdn Bhd
Lim Yee Lan, Badariah Sahamid, Harmindar Singh Dhaliwal JJCA
(Contract - Agreement - Breach of conditions of contract - Contract revoked - Whether revocation of contract lawful) [2018] 9 CLJ 484 [CA]

 For the appellant - Ahmad Terrirudin Mohd Salleh & Cynthia Noor Haizean Sulaiman; SFCs
 For the respondent - Zamri Ibrahim; M/s Zamri Ibrahim & Co

Mohd Faizal Musa v. Menteri Keselamatan Dalam Negeri
Tengku Maimun Tuan Mat, Ahmadi Asnawi, Zaleha Yusof JJCA
(Administrative Law; Constitutional Law - Judicial review - Application to quash Minister's order prohibiting books - Whether books prejudicial to public order) [2018] 9 CLJ 496 [CA]

 For the appellant - Abdullah Abdul Rahman, Nur Syakeera Idora Ahmad Affandi, Derrick Moh Ka Yew; M/s Cheang & Ariff
 For the respondent - Shamsul Bolhassan; SFC

HIGH COURT

Abdul Samad Mohd Embong & Ors v. Pantai Bayu Indah Sdn Bhd & Ors And Another Application
Dean Wayne Daly JC
(Civil Procedure - Contempt of court - Committal proceeding - Application for recusal of judge presiding case) [2018] 9 CLJ 517 [HC]

 For the plaintiffs - Dominique Ng Kim Ho; M/s Dominique Ng & Assocs
 For the 1st defendant - Mekanda Singh Sandhu & Kalveet Singh Sandhu; M/s Sandhu & Co Advocs
 For the 2nd and 3rd defendants - JC Fong, Mohd Adzrul & Mohamad Muhaimin; SFCs
 For the 4th defendant - Victor Wong; M/s Victor Wong & Chiew Advocs

Lebas Technologies Sdn Bhd v. Malaysian Bio-Excell Sdn Bhd
Darryl Goon Siew Chye JC
(Arbitration - Award - Stay application to enforce award - Whether award yet to become binding on parties) [2018] 9 CLJ 533 [HC]

 For the plaintiff - Tharmini Paramasivan & Sivabalan Sankaran; M/s Tan Swee Im, Siva & Partners
 For the defendant - J Vicknaraj & PX Leong; M/s Vicknaraj, RD Ratnam Rajesh Kumar & Assocs

Muhamad Nazri Muhamad v. JMB Menara Rajawali & Anor
S Nantha Balan J
(Land Law; Statutory Interpretation - Strata title - Joint management body - Maintenance charges) [2018] 9 CLJ 547 [HC]

 For the plaintiff - Arun Kasi & Ong Kay Jin; M/s Esther Ong, Tengku Saiful & Sree
 For the defendants - Andre Onn; M/s Onn & Partners

SUBJECT INDEX

ADMINISTRATIVE LAW

Judicial review - Application to quash Minister's order prohibiting books - Contents of books related to Islamic law matters - Whether books prejudicial to public order - Whether reasonable for Minister to place reliance on decision of Jawatankuasa Fatwa - Whether Minister's decision in making order valid, rational, and reasonable - Whether there was procedural impropriety - Whether order contravened books' author's constitutional and fundamental rights - Printing, Presses and Publications Act 1984, s. 7(1) - Federal Constitution, arts. 8 & 10
Mohd Faizal Musa v. Menteri Keselamatan Dalam Negeri
(Tengku Maimun Tuan Mat, Ahmadi Asnawi, Zaleha Yusof JJCA) [2018] 9 CLJ 496 [CA]

ARBITRATION

Award - Stay - Stay application to enforce award - Whether award yet to become binding on parties - Whether plaintiff estopped from enforcing award - Whether plaintiff unjustly enriched if award enforced - Whether there was approbation and reprobation - Whether there was risk of outcome of any appeal rendered nugatory should award be enforced - Whether court's inherent powers to order stay should not be grafted on matters within ambit of Arbitration Act 2005 - Whether orders sought by defendant within provision of s. 39 of Arbitration Act 2005
Lebas Technologies Sdn Bhd v. Malaysian Bio-Excell Sdn Bhd
(Darryl Goon Siew Chye JC) [2018] 9 CLJ 533 [HC]

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW

Fundamental liberties - Freedom of speech - Minister's order prohibiting books - Contents of books related to Islamic law matters - Whether books prejudicial to public order - Whether reasonable for Minister to place reliance on decision of Jawatankuasa Fatwa - Whether Minister's decision in making order valid, rational, and reasonable - Whether there was procedural impropriety - Whether order breached books' author's constitutional and fundamental rights of freedom of speech - Printing Presses and Publications Act 1984, s. 7(1) - Federal Constitution, arts. 8 & 10
Mohd Faizal Musa v. Menteri Keselamatan Dalam Negeri
(Tengku Maimun Tuan Mat, Ahmadi Asnawi, Zaleha Yusof JJCA) [2018] 9 CLJ 496 [CA]

CIVIL PROCEDURE

Contempt of court - Committal proceeding - Application for recusal of judge presiding case - Contents of affidavit in support repeated outside court - Comments recorded and uploaded on Facebook and circulated on social media - Whether has effect of ridiculing and scandalising judge - Whether deliberate attack on course of justice - Whether tantamount to interfering, impeding or prejudicing due administration of justice - Whether disrespectful towards authority or dignity of court - Whether contempt proven
Abdul Samad Mohd Embong & Ors v. Pantai Bayu Indah Sdn Bhd & Ors And Another Application
(Dean Wayne Daly JC) [2018] 9 CLJ 517 [HC]

Striking out - Statement of claim - Claim by dependants of deceased passengers on board flight MH 370 - Test for striking out - Whether claim sustainable - Whether action against Malaysia Airlines Berhad (MAB) sustainable - Whether MAB assumed liabilities of Malaysian Airline System Berhad - 'Carrier' under article 21 of Montreal Convention 1999 - Whether primary duty of military air force was to guard safety of Malaysian airspace from external threats to sovereignty of nation - Whether action against air force obviously unsustainable - Rules of Court 2012, O. 18 r. 19
Tan Wei Hong & Ors v. Malaysia Airlines Bhd & Other Appeals
(Md Raus Sharif CJ, Zulkefli Ahmad Makinudin PCA, Ramly Ali, Zaharah Ibrahim, Balia Yusof Wahi FCJJ) [2018] 9 CLJ 425 [FC]

CONTRACT

Agreement - Breach - Breach of conditions of contract - Contract revoked - Whether revocation of contract lawful - Whether there were losses incurred arising from revocation of contract - Whether there were damages - Whether damages proven
Ketua Setiausaha Kementerian Pertahanan Malaysia & Anor v. Bumita Sdn Bhd
(Lim Yee Lan, Badariah Sahamid, Harmindar Singh Dhaliwal JJCA) [2018] 9 CLJ 484 [CA]

Illegality - Knowledge - Agreements to provide trucks and services for consideration of monthly payments - Whether agreements for unlawful purposes - Whether agreements intended to circumvent s. 14(2)(a) of Commercial Vehicle Licensing Board Act 1987 ('CVLB Act') - Whether deliberate act - Whether agreements illegal - Contracts Act 1950, s. 24
BK Fleet Management Sdn Bhd v. Stanson Marketing Sdn Bhd
(Abang Iskandar, Badariah Sahamid, Mary Lim JJCA) [2018] 9 CLJ 449 [CA]

LAND LAW

Strata title - Management corporation - Joint management body ('JMB') - Maintenance charges - Whether lawful for owners of condominium to pass resolution at Annual General Meeting to authorise JMB to fix different rates of payment for maintenance charges for residential, retail and car park units - Whether imposition of different rates for maintenance charges contrary to provisions in Strata Management Act 2013
Muhamad Nazri Muhamad v. JMB Menara Rajawali & Anor
(S Nantha Balan J) [2018] 9 CLJ 547 [HC]

STATUTORY INTERPRETATION

Interpretation of Act - 'in proportion to the allocated share units' - Strata Management Act 2013, ss. 21(2), 25(3) - Whether read or construed as fettering ambit of joint management body's power to determine rate of maintenance fee - Whether provisions in Strata Management Act prevents joint management body of condominium from fixing different rates of charges for different types of units
Muhamad Nazri Muhamad v. JMB Menara Rajawali & Anor
(S Nantha Balan J) [2018] 9 CLJ 547 [HC]

TORT

Vicarious liability - Liability of Government - Claim by dependants of deceased passengers on board flight MH 370 - Liability of government as employer of Director General of Department of Civil Aviation and Royal Malaysian Air Force - Whether governed by s. 5 of Government Proceedings Act 1956 - Whether involved factual determination - Whether there were triable issues to be fully argued at trial - Whether application to strike out claim ought to be dismissed - Rules of Court 2012, O. 18 r. 19
Tan Wei Hong & Ors v. Malaysia Airlines Bhd & Other Appeals
(Md Raus Sharif CJ, Zulkefli Ahmad Makinudin PCA, Ramly Ali, Zaharah Ibrahim, Balia Yusof Wahi FCJJ) [2018] 9 CLJ 425 [FC]

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LNS Article(s)

1. WHISTLEBLOWING AND CULTURAL RECEPTION: STRANGE BEDFELLOWS OR LIFETIME PARTNERS? ^{[Read excerpt]}
   HAZLINA SHAIK MD NOOR ALAM* [2018] 1 LNS(A) cxii

[2018] 1 LNS(A) cxii



MALAYSIA

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WHISTLEBLOWING AND CULTURAL RECEPTION:
STRANGE BEDFELLOWS OR LIFETIME PARTNERS?

HAZLINA SHAIK MD NOOR ALAM*

ABSTRACT

This paper will discuss how important cultural reception is to whistleblowing, and how it can lead to achieving effective corporate governance. The term whistleblowing essentially means exposing a wrong or misconduct, while corporate governance can be used to describe the way in which businesses are conducted. Whistleblowing is the medium that can be used to ensure that corporate governance can result in corporate accountability. Culture and norms has always been the building blocks of any society, and as whistleblowing is seen as something that befits society, it is only prudent that culture be discussed in relation to whistleblowing. This paper will discuss the cultural reception to whistleblowing, as well as showing how culture and whistleblowing can result in determining good corporate governance and accountability and will further elaborate on the developments of these two concepts in Malaysia.

. . .

*Faculty of Law, National University Malaysia

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2. FATWA ON ASB/ASN: RECENT DEVELOPMENTS* ^{[Read excerpt]}
   MOHAMED AZAM MOHAMED ADIL [2018] 1 LNS(A) cxiv

[2018] 1 LNS(A) cxiv



MALAYSIA

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FATWA ON ASB/ASN: RECENT DEVELOPMENTS*

MOHAMED AZAM MOHAMED ADIL

The question as to whether it is permissible to invest in Amanah Saham Bumiputra (ASB)/Amanah Saham Nasional (ASN), from an Islamic perspective, continues to receive polarised responses in Malaysia. It came up again recently at the Penang Fatwa Committee meeting (15 August 2017) and the Selangor Fatwa Committee meeting (27 April 2017) when two fatwas were issued declaring ASB/ASN investments to be permissible for Muslims.

This ruling, however, raised another set of questions, especially when the same two committees had previously prohibited ASB/ASN investments due to the presence of riba (interest or usury) transactions, which arguably rendered them shariah non-compliant.

. . .

* Published with kind permission of the International Institute of Advanced Islamic Studies (IAIS) Malaysia. (www.iais.org.my).

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3. LEGAL PROTECTION OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS IN NIGERIA: A MYTH OR A REALITY ^{[Read excerpt]}
   O. Y. Abdul-Hamid*Jade Mohammed (Mrs)**D. A. Ariyoosu*** [2018] 1 LNS(A) cxi

[2018] 1 LNS(A) cxi



NIGERIA

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LEGAL PROTECTION OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS IN NIGERIA: A MYTH OR A REALITY

O. Y. Abdul-Hamid*
Jade Mohammed (Mrs)**
D. A. Ariyoosu***

ABSTRACT

The chequered legal position is that once a company is incorporated, it becomes an artificial person in law, capable of suing and being sued in its corporate name. The corollary of this is that if a company is wronged, it is only the company, and the company alone, that can challenge or remedy the wrong. However, this position is not without exceptions, one of which is that an individual minority shareholder may challenge the wrong done to the company, especially in matters of fraud committed by the majority shareholders or the company's directors. This paper is therefore out to examine the issue whether minority shareholders are really protected under the law. The methodology employed in arriving at a logical conclusion in this paper is doctrinal, with the use of both primary and secondary sources of law such as the provisions of the Companies and Allied Matters Act, the relevant case law and text books.

. . .

* Associate Professor of Law, Head, Business Law Department, Faculty of Law, Member of Senate University of Ilorin. Formerly Sub-Dean, Faculty of Law, University of Ilorin, Member Business Committee of Senate, (BCOS), Research Fellow and Legal Adviser National Institute for Legislative Studies (NILS) NASS Abuja, Nigeria. Corresponding email and phone num:nigeriaabdul@yahoo.co.uk or obaabdul@gmail.com 08033824867

** LL.B BL., LLM, OAU, Chief Lecturer in Law, Federal Polytechnic Ede, Osun State Nigeria. Email: mojade2002@yahoo.com Phone: 08072673677

*** LL.B, LL.M, Ph.D., BL, PGDE, ACTI, ACIArb, AILEX, ACILR, Notary Public, Lecturer, Department of Business Law, Faculty of Law, University of Ilorin, Nigeria. Email: ariyoosu4law@gmail.com, Phone: 08066497298

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4. PARTNER VISAS
   LOVE IN THE TIME OF REGULATION* ^{[Read excerpt]}
   LIZ HUANG HUGHES-BROWN [2018] 1 LNS(A) cxiii

[2018] 1 LNS(A) cxiii



AUSTRALIA

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PARTNER VISAS
LOVE IN THE TIME OF REGULATION*

LIZ HUANG HUGHES-BROWN

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Australians commonly meet the love of their lives through travel or online. For the non-Australian partner to stay in Australia, a partner visa is usually required

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Early in my career, Peter came in to the office. He appeared to be in his late fifties, mild-mannered and looking like he was in possession of a delightful secret.

‘I've met someone online,’ he said, ‘and I want to know how I can bring her to Australia.’

‘Where is she from?’ I asked.

‘From Russia.’

The image of a much younger woman than Peter with supermodel features crossed my mind. Curious as to whether there was exploitation on either side, and exploring Peter’s eligibility to be a sponsor, I enquired: ‘Have you been married before?’

. . .

* Published with kind permission of the Law Society of the Australian Capital Territory. See Ethos No. 247 March 2018.

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CLJ Article(s)

1. REYNOLDS PRIVILEGE DEFENCE IN MALAYSIA: A REVIEW OF DR SYED AZMAN SYED AHMAD NAWAWI & ORS v. DATO' SERI HJ AHMAD SAID [2015] 7 CLJ 180 AND SYARIKAT BEKALAN AIR SELANGOR SDN BHD v. TONY PUA KIAM WEE [2015] 8 CLJ 477 ^{[Read excerpt]}
   FARHEEN BAIG SARDAR BAIG & ASHGAR ALI MOHAMED* [2018] 9 CLJ(A) i

[2018] 9 CLJ(A) i



MALAYSIA

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REYNOLDS PRIVILEGE DEFENCE IN MALAYSIA: A REVIEW OF DR SYED AZMAN SYED AHMAD NAWAWI & ORS v. DATO' SERI HJ AHMAD SAID [2015] 7 CLJ 180 AND SYARIKAT BEKALAN AIR SELANGOR SDN BHD v. TONY PUA KIAM WEE [2015] 8 CLJ 477

FARHEEN BAIG SARDAR BAIG & ASHGAR ALI MOHAMED*

Introduction

The Reynolds privilege defence propounded in the well-known case of Reynolds v. Times Newspapers,^[1] protects 'responsible journalism' in a claim for defamation. In deciding whether the publication occurred responsibly, Lord Nicholls set out ten indicative factors relating to the nature of the publication, such as the seriousness of the allegation, the nature of the information, its source, if steps taken to verify the information, the urgency of the matter, if comments were sought from the claimant or contained the gist of the claimant's side of the story and the tone of the article, among others. The defendant would need to show that the publication was made responsibly or reasonably to establish a form of duty-interest qualified privilege.

Since 2001, when Malaysia first saw the application of the Reynolds principle in Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim v. Dato' Seri Dr Mahathir Mohamad,^[2] the Reynolds privilege defence has been used as a defence in many cases, and of such cases, Dr Syed Azman Syed Ahmad Nawawi & Ors v. Dato' Seri Hj Ahmad Said^[3] and Syarikat Bekalan Air Selangor Sdn Bhd v. Tony Pua Kiam Wee,^[4] at the Federal Court level which have endorsed the use of this defence and in doing so, both cases have established the guidelines for its application.

. . .

* Ahmad Ibrahim Kulliyyah of Laws, International Islamic University Malaysia.

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