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Issue #27/2019 04 July 2019

New This Week Case(s) of the Week BANK MUAMALAT MALAYSIA BHD v. MENTERI SUMBER MANUSIA, MALAYSIA & ORS [2019] 6 CLJ 281 Appeal Updates Appeal Updates Latest Cases Legal Network Series CLJ 2019 Volume 6 (Part 3) Articles LNS Article(s) Legislation Highlights Principal Acts Amending Acts PU(A) PU(B) Legislation Alert

BANK MUAMALAT MALAYSIA BHD v. MENTERI SUMBER MANUSIA, MALAYSIA & ORS [2019] 6 CLJ 281
COURT OF APPEAL, PUTRAJAYA
TENGKU MAIMUN TUAN MAT JCA, VERNON ONG LAM KIAT JCA, ZALEHA YUSOF JCA
[CIVIL APPEAL NO: W-01(A)-449-11-2016]
29 NOVEMBER 2018

LABOUR LAW: Judicial review – Appeal against – Judicial review of decision of Minister of Human Resources ('Minister') – Dispute between bank and National Union of Bank Employees ('NUBE') – Bank promoted and re-designated staff – Staff prevented from continuing as members of NUBE after promotion and re-designation – NUBE referred dispute to Director General of Industrial Relations which then referred to Minister – Minister decided that bank's employees not employed in managerial, executive, confidential or security capacities – Whether Minister exceeded scope of authority – Whether there was procedural impropriety – Whether statutory requirements complied with – Industrial Relations Act 1967, s. 9(1A)

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1. Ch'ng Ghee Weng & Anor v. Lee Khoon Eng T/A Prestige Construction [2019] 1 LNS 34 (CA) overruling the High Court case of Lee Khoon Eng T/A Prestige Construction v. Ch’ng Ghee Weng & Anor [Guaman Sivil No: PA-22NCVC-120-06/2016]

2. Ong Leong Chiou & Anor v. Keller (M) Sdn Bhd & Ors And Another Appeal [2019] 1 LNS 26 (CA) affirming the High Court case of Keller (M) Sdn Bhd v. Ong Leng Chiou & Ors [2017] 1 LNS 1302 

Legal Network Series

[2018] 1 LNS 418	TOH KIAN PENG v. PP CRIMINAL LAW: Penal Code - Defence - Sudden fight - Struggle between accused and deceased during robbery of deceased's beauty parlour - Knife embedded into deceased during struggle - Whether premeditated killing - Whether accused had intention to kill deceased - Whether facts fell within exception of sudden fight - Penal Code, s. 300, exception 4 EVIDENCE: Witness - Failure of prosecution to produce witness - Failure of prosecution to offer witness to defence - Whether witness material - Whether accused was prejudiced by absence of witness For the appellant - Anita Vijaya Rajah & Mariammah; M/s Gan & Zul For the respondent - Jasmee Hameeza Jaafar, Deputy Public Prosecutor; Attorney General's Chambers
[2018] 1 LNS 253	LIM CHAET AI v. NA BOON SENG CIVIL PROCEDURE: Application to dismiss divorce petition - Divorce petition filed by wife on ground of unreasonable behavior in failing to show love and affection - Application by respondent husband to dismiss petition solely on documentary evidence - Whether respondent husband should have applied to strike out - Whether court can refuse divorce without trial and benefit of hearing witnesses - Several disputed facts raised - Whether case suitable to be disposed of based on affidavit evidence - Rules of Court 2012, O. 33 r. 2, O. 18, r. 19 FAMILY LAW: Divorce - Unreasonable behaviour - Unreasonable behavior in failing to show love and affection - Application by respondent husband to dismiss divorce petition solely on documentary evidence - Whether respondent husband should have applied to strike out - Whether court can refuse divorce without trial and benefit of hearing witnesses - Several disputed facts raised - Whether case suitable to be disposed of based on affidavit evidence - Rules of Court 2012, O. 33 r. 2, O. 18, r. 19 For the petitioner - SK Ang; M/s Heng & Ang For the respondent - Karin Lim; M/s Presgrave & Matthews
[2018] 1 LNS 265	KESATUAN PEKERJA-PEKERJA PERKILANGAN PERUSAHAAN MAKANAN v. F & N DAIRIES MANUFACTURING SDN BHD & ANOR ADMINISTRATIVE LAW: Judicial review - Certiorari - Application to quash award of Industrial Court - Error of law - Effective date of commencement of collective agreement made retrospective for a period of 3 years - Parties agreed on effective date but Industrial Court backdated agreement - Whether retrospective date of award could be earlier than 6 months from date on which dispute was referred to Industrial Court – Whether s. 30(7) of Industrial Relations Act 1967 ('IRA') only applies where parties cannot agree on effective date of new collective agreement - Whether Industrial Court committed an error of law in its interpretation on s. 30(7) IRA For the applicant - V K Raj; M/s P Kuppusamy & Co For the 1st respondent - Sebastian Tay Hanxin & David Tan; M/s Lee Hishammuddin Allen & Gledhill
[2018] 1 LNS 343	TEMURUN DINAMIK SDN BHD lwn. KERAJAAN MALAYSIA KONTRAK: Kontrak pembinaan - Perakuan muktamad - Penyediaan - Sama ada penyediaan perakuan muktamad memerlukan kehadiran kontraktor dan perunding bagi pemeriksaan tapak - Sama ada perakuan muktamad adalah sah dan benar  PENTAFSIRAN BERKANUN: Pentafsiran statut - Pendekatan pentafsiran - Perlantikan saksi pakar - Aturan 40 dan 40A Kaedah-Kaedah Mahkamah 2012 ('KKM') - Sama ada kedua-dua A. 40 dan 40A KKM adalah berbeza - Sama ada A. 40 dan 40A KKM boleh dibacakan secara sesama - Sama ada pihak-pihak adalah bebas untuk memanggil mana-mana saksi pakar untuk memberikan keterangan dibawah A. 40A KKM - Sama ada Mahkamah masih mempunyai kuasa untuk menghadkan bilangan saksi pakar yang dipanggil oleh pihak-pihak yang bertelagah - Sama ada pemanggilan saksi pakar boleh dilakukan semasa perbicaraan dan sebelum perbicaraan dijalankan Bagi pihak perayu - Mohd Khainis Yussof; T/n Johar Othman & Helmy Bagi pihak responden - TPR Muhamad Yasser Mohd Nasri; Pejabat Penasihat Undang-undang
[2018] 1 LNS 331	SHENZHEN HEG IMPORT AND EXPORT CO LTD lwn. ONG BAN CHAI & SATU LAGI PROFESION GUAMAN: Pemegang amanah - Kewajipan fidusiari - Perlanggaran - Wang dilepaskan kepada pihak yang tidak diberi kebenaran dan pengetahuan anakguam - Sama ada defendan mempunyai tanggungjawab dan kewajipan fidusiari terhadap plaintif untuk memastikan wang dibayar kepada plaintif - Sama ada terdapat perlanggaran kewajipan fidusiari AGENSI: Agen - Kewajipan fidusiari - Perlanggaran - Agen dilantik untuk menerima dokumen bagi syarikat luar negara - Pemegang amanah - Kegagalan menyerahkan cek-cek bayaran yang diterima - Sama ada defendan mempunyai tanggungjawab fidusiari ke atas plaintif bagi memastikan wang yang diterimanya diserahkan kepada plaintif - Sama ada terdapat perlanggaran kewajipan fidusiari Bagi pihak plaintif - Mohamad Sofian Samsudin & Lennon Seow; T/n Lau, Wong & Partners Bagi pihak defendan pertama - George Neo & HS Gun; T/n Yeo Chambers Bagi pihak defendan kedua - CS Lim; T/n Lim, Wong & Partners

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CLJ 2019 Volume 6 (Part 3)

COURT OF APPEAL

Bank Muamalat Malaysia Bhd v. Menteri Sumber Manusia, Malaysia & Ors
Tengku Maimun Tuan Mat, Vernon Ong Lam Kiat, Zaleha Yusof JJCA
(Labour Law - Judicial review of decision of Minister of Human Resources - Dispute between bank and National Union of Bank Employees) [2019] 6 CLJ 281 [CA]

• For the appellant - Sivabalah Nadarajah & Reena Enbasegaram; M/s Shearn Delamore & Co
• For the 1st, 2nd & 3rd respondents - Ruzimah Mohd Radzuan & Shahmin Amizah Abu Bakar; SFC
• For the 4th respondent - Edmund Bon Tai Soon & Andrew Yong; M/s Amerbon 

Jaya Sudhir Jayaram v. Nautical Supreme Sdn Bhd
Rohana Yusuf, Hasnah Mohammed Hashim, Rhodzariah Bujang JJCA
(Civil Procedure - Consolidation of suits - Whether there was clear commonality of issues and facts) [2019] 6 CLJ 292 [CA]

• For the appellant - Gopal Sri Ram, Robert Low, Karen Yong & David Yii; M/s Ranjit Ooi & Robert Low
• For the respondent - Su Tiang Joo, KL Pang, Teh Eng Lay, ZT Chok & Nicholas Teh; M/s Cheah Teh & Su 

Kosbina Konsult (K) Sdn Bhd (In Liquidation) v. Madu Jaya Development Sdn Bhd
Tengku Maimun Tuan Mat, Hasnah Mohammed Hashim, Stephen Chung JJCA
(Contract - Claim by subcontractor - Whether subcontractor proved value of works done) [2019] 6 CLJ 301 [CA]

• For the appelant - SK Liow & MH Teo; M/s Liow & Co
• For the respondent - Michael Chow Keat Thye & Foong Chee Keen; M/s Nik & Foong 

Pendaftar Cap Dagangan Malaysia v. Adabi Consumer Industries Sdn Bhd & Anor
Hamid Sultan Abu Backer, Zabariah Mohd Yusof, Yeoh Wee Siam JJCA
(Civil Procedure - High Court allowed application for judicial review and ordered costs against Registrar of Trade Marks - Whether costs could be ordered against Registrar of Trade Marks) [2019] 6 CLJ 315 [CA]

• For the appellant - Azrul Shahreen Abdul Aziz & Iylia Hashim; M/s Rose Hussin
• For the 1st respondent - Adhuna Kamarul Ariffin & Nur Atiqah Samian; M/s Bustaman
• For the 2nd respondent - Lee Chiao Ying; M/s Shearn Delamore & Co 

PP v. Pham Ti Tuyet Mai
Mohd Zawawi Salleh, Idrus Harun, Kamardin Hashim JJCA
(Criminal Procedure; Criminal Law - Appeal against acquittal - Accused person charged for murder - Defence of insanity) [2019] 6 CLJ 325 [CA]

• For the appellant - Iswa Tonie; DPP
• For the respondent - Muhammad Rafique Rashid Ali; M/s Law Practice of Rafique 

R Sivabalan A Ramiah & Anor v. Zamberi Md Isa
David Wong Dak Wah, Nallini Pathmanathan, Mary Lim JJCA
(Land Law; Limitation - Indefeasibility of title and interests - Whether title obtained through fraud - National Land Code, s. 340(2)(b) & (c)) [2019] 6 CLJ 344 [CA]

• (Civil Appeal No: P-02(NCVC)(W)-134-01-2017)
• For the appellant - Benjamin Sathyanandam & Joshua Narendran; M/s Benjamin & Co
• For the Respondent - Fahda Nur Ahmad Kamar & Ariffin Haron; M/s Fahda Nur & Yusmadi
• (Civil Appeal No: P-02(NCVC)(W)-135-01-2017)
• For the appellant - K Kirubakaran & Noramira Abd Hamid; M/s VM Mohan, Fareed & Co
• For the respondent - Fahda Nur Ahmad Kamar & Ariffin Haron; M/s Fahda Nur & Yusmadi 

HIGH COURT

Golden Support Sdn Bhd v. Tribunal Pengurusan Strata Malaysia & Anor
Abu Bakar Jais J
(Administrative Law - Judicial review - Strata Management Tribunal allowed claim by management corporation for maintenance charges - Whether decision final and binding) [2019] 6 CLJ 369 [HC]

• For the applicant - Joshua Dharmaj & Sumathi Shanmugam; M/s Bell & Lee
• For the 2nd respondent - Lee Kong Poh; M/s Lee Kong Poh & Assocs 

PP v. Soha Beta & Anor
Mairin Idang JC
(Criminal Law - Accused persons charged for murder of baby - Whether defence of accused persons cast reasonable doubt on prosecution's case) [2019] 6 CLJ 379 [HC]

• For the prosecution - Musli AB Hamid; DPP
• For the accused - Ranbir Singh; M/s Ranbir S Sangha & Co Advocs 

Tidalmarine Engineering Sdn Bhd v. Kerajaan Malaysia (Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia)
Azizah Nawawi J
(Arbitration - Findings of arbitrator in arbitration proceedings - Whether findings of fact or questions of law that require adjudication) [2019] 6 CLJ 398 [HC]

• For the plaintiff - Gobinath & Adam Lee; M/s Mohanadass Partnership
• For the defendant - Rafidah Che Aziz; SFC 

SUBJECT INDEX

ADMINISTRATIVE LAW

Judicial review - Application for - Strata Management Tribunal ('Tribunal') allowed claim by management corporation for maintenance charges - Whether claim for maintenance charges barred under s. 6(1)(d) of Limitation Act 1953 - Whether running accounts - Whether caught by s. 6(1)(d) - Whether Tribunal provided grounds for award - Whether applicant established irregularity affecting award of Tribunal - Whether decision of Tribunal final and binding - Rules of Court 2012, O. 53
Golden Support Sdn Bhd v. Tribunal Pengurusan Strata Malaysia & Anor
(Abu Bakar Jais J) [2019] 6 CLJ 369 [HC]

ARBITRATION

Award - Findings - Findings of arbitrator in arbitration proceedings - Construction dispute - Arbitrator dismissed claim and counterclaim by parties - Whether findings of fact or questions of law that require adjudication - Whether ought to be disturbed
Tidalmarine Engineering Sdn Bhd v. Kerajaan Malaysia (Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia)
(Azizah Nawawi J) [2019] 6 CLJ 398 [HC]

CIVIL PROCEDURE

Costs - Appeal against costs - Applicant applied for judicial review against decision of Registrar of Trade Marks in dispute over registration of trade marks - High Court allowed application for judicial review and ordered costs against Registrar of Trade Marks - Whether costs could be ordered against Registrar of Trade Marks - Whether costs matter of discretion of courts - Whether there are written laws protecting Registrar of Trade Marks from being burdened with costs order - Whether applicant entitled to costs - Trade Marks Act 1976, ss. 4A & 63(1)
Pendaftar Cap Dagangan Malaysia v. Adabi Consumer Industries Sdn Bhd & Anor
(Hamid Sultan Abu Backer, Zabariah Mohd Yusof, Yeoh Wee Siam JJCA) [2019] 6 CLJ 315 [CA]

Trial - Procedure - Consolidation of suits - Refusal of - Appeal against High Court's refusal to consolidate two suits - Whether there was clear commonality of issues and facts - Whether principle for consolidation as provided in O. 4 of Rules of Court 2012 satisfied - Whether counterclaim ought to be filed instead - Whether failure to file counterclaim rendered insignificant - Rules of Court 2012, O. 15 - Whether just to both parties to allow respective claims to go before two different judges whose decisions may conflict
Jaya Sudhir Jayaram v. Nautical Supreme Sdn Bhd
(Rohana Yusuf, Hasnah Mohammed Hashim, Rhodzariah Bujang JJCA) [2019] 6 CLJ 292 [CA]

CONTRACT

Claims for work done - Claim by subcontractor - Award of project by Government to main contractor - Main contractor entered into subcontract at ratio of 92:8 - Project terminated and main contractor awarded for wrongful termination of project - Whether subcontractor entitled to claim compensation for works done in project on agreed ratio - Whether main contractor received benefits at expense of subcontractor - Whether main contractor unjustly enriched - Whether claim time barred - Whether action res judicata as already ventilated in earlier action - Whether subcontractor proved value of works done - Claim under constructive trust by subcontractor - Whether to circumvent limitation period
Kosbina Konsult (K) Sdn Bhd (In Liquidation) v. Madu Jaya Development Sdn Bhd
(Tengku Maimun Tuan Mat, Hasnah Mohammed Hashim, Stephen Chung JJCA) [2019] 6 CLJ 301 [CA]

CRIMINAL LAW

Defence - Insanity - Accused person charged for murder - Plea of insanity - Accused person suffering from emotional disturbances due to heavy consumption of alcohol and drugs - Whether accused person of unsound mind - Whether accused person of unsound mind at time of commission of offence - Whether accused person, by reason of insanity, incapable of knowing act and what she was doing was wrong and contrary to law - Whether accused person deprived of understanding nature of act or distinguishing right from wrong - Whether defence of insanity proven - Penal Code, ss. 84 & 302
PP v. Pham Ti Tuyet Mai
(Mohd Zawawi Salleh, Idrus Harun, Kamardin Hashim JJCA) [2019] 6 CLJ 325 [CA]

Penal Code - Sections 84 & 302 - Offence of murder - Accused person charged for murder - Defence of insanity - Accused person suffering from emotional disturbances due to heavy consumption of alcohol and drugs - Whether accused person of unsound mind - Whether accused person of unsound mind at time of commission of offence - Whether accused person, by reason of insanity, incapable of knowing act and what she was doing was wrong and contrary to law - Whether accused person deprived of understanding nature of act or distinguishing right from wrong - Whether defence of insanity proven
PP v. Pham Ti Tuyet Mai
(Mohd Zawawi Salleh, Idrus Harun, Kamardin Hashim JJCA) [2019] 6 CLJ 325 [CA]

Penal Code - Section 34 - Common intention - Accused persons charged for common intention of murdering baby - Baby found buried - Whether there was evidence of existence of pre-concert or pre-planning to murder baby - Whether there were plans that preceded act that constituted offence - Whether there was common intention between accused persons to murder baby
PP v. Soha Beta & Anor
(Mairin Idang JC) [2019] 6 CLJ 379 [HC]

Penal Code - Section 302 - Offence of murder - Accused persons charged for murder of baby - Baby found buried - Prosecution relied on circumstantial evidence to build case against accused persons - Whether cumulative effect of circumstantial evidence led to irresistible conclusion that accused persons committed crime - Whether defence of accused persons cast reasonable doubt on prosecution's case - Whether there was common intention between accused persons to murder baby
PP v. Soha Beta & Anor
(Mairin Idang JC) [2019] 6 CLJ 379 [HC]

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE

Appeal - Appeal against acquittal - Appeal by prosecution - Accused person charged for murder - Defence of insanity - Whether defence proven - Whether acquittal safe - Criminal Procedure Code, s. 384(1) & (2) - Penal Code, ss. 84 & 302
PP v. Pham Ti Tuyet Mai
(Mohd Zawawi Salleh, Idrus Harun, Kamardin Hashim JJCA) [2019] 6 CLJ 325 [CA]

LABOUR LAW

Judicial review - Appeal against - Judicial review of decision of Minister of Human Resources ('Minister') - Dispute between bank and National Union of Bank Employees ('NUBE') - Bank promoted and re-designated staff - Staff prevented from continuing as members of NUBE after promotion and re-designation - NUBE referred dispute to Director General of Industrial Relations which then referred to Minister - Minister decided that bank's employees not employed in managerial, executive, confidential or security capacities - Whether Minister exceeded scope of authority - Whether there was procedural impropriety - Whether statutory requirements complied with - Industrial Relations Act 1967, s. 9(1A)
Bank Muamalat Malaysia Bhd v. Menteri Sumber Manusia, Malaysia & Ors
(Tengku Maimun Tuan Mat, Vernon Ong Lam Kiat, Zaleha Yusof JJCA) [2019] 6 CLJ 281 [CA]

LAND LAW

Indefeasibility of title and interests - Registered title - Fraud - Whether title obtained through fraud - Buyer purchased subplots of land from seller who was never registered owner - Whether seller could pass interest in land to buyer - Whether buyer could assert entitlement to land against true registered owner - Whether buyer fell within proviso to s. 340(3) of National Land Code - Whether registered owner party to fraud - Whether registered owner's title defeasible - Whether registered owner's title could not be set aside - Whether buyer's interest acquired by void instrument - Whether buyer aware he had not acquired registered title - National Land Code, s. 340(2)(b) and (c)
R Sivabalan A Ramiah & Anor v. Zamberi Md Isa
(David Wong Dak Wah, Nallini Pathmanathan, Mary Lim JJCA) [2019] 6 CLJ 344 [CA]

LIMITATION

Actions in contract and tort - Accrual of cause of action - When time began to run - When claimant suffered actual loss - Whether action filed outside limitation period of six years - Whether claim time-barred
R Sivabalan A Ramiah & Anor v. Zamberi Md Isa
(David Wong Dak Wah, Nallini Pathmanathan, Mary Lim JJCA) [2019] 6 CLJ 344 [CA]

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LNS Article(s)

1. FRAUDSTERS BEWARE* ^{[Read excerpt]}
   by NIMALAN DEVARAJA** [2019] 1 LNS(A) lxxxiii

[2019] 1 LNS(A) lxxxiii



MALAYSIA

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FRAUDSTERS BEWARE*

by
NIMALAN DEVARAJA**

Nimalan Devaraja reviews the landmark case on standard of proof for fraud in civil claims.

In Sinnaiyah & Sons Sdn Bhd v. Damai Setia Sdn Bhd [2015] 7 CLJ 584, the Malaysian Federal Court took a bold step to restate the law on an issue of significant importance to the legal community, that is, the standard of proof to be applied to prove fraud in a civil claim.

THE ISSUE

Only one leave question was posed to the Federal Court in this appeal, namely: “Whether the Federal Court should rely on the ratio set in Ang Hiok Seng @ Ang Yeok Seng v. Yim Yut Kiu (Personal representative of the estate of Chan Weng Sun, deceased) [1997] 2 MLJ 45 in determining the burden of proof in civil fraud.”

. . .

*©2015 Skrine. This Article was first published in Issue 4/2015 of Legal Insights, a Skrine Newsletter. Reproduced with permission of Skrine.

** Nimalan is an Associate in the Dispute Resolution Division of SKRINE. His main areas include constitutional, public and administrative law.

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2. CADANGAN PENUBUHAN MAHKAMAH RAYUAN PERUSAHAAN DI MALAYSIA ^{[Read excerpt]}
   oleh MOHAMAD SOFEE RAZAK* [2019] 1 LNS(A) lxxxiv

[2019] 1 LNS(A) lxxxiv



MALAYSIA

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CADANGAN PENUBUHAN MAHKAMAH RAYUAN PERUSAHAAN DI MALAYSIA

oleh
MOHAMAD SOFEE RAZAK*

Pengenalan

Cadangan penubuhan Mahkamah Rayuan Perusahaan seperti yang diumumkan oleh Menteri Sumber Manusia, Y.B. M Kulasegaran barubaru ini adalah langkah progresif dan dinamik serta suatu perubahan besar dalam kerangka perundangan negara. Oleh itu, penubuhan Mahkamah Rayuan Perusahaan hendaklah seiring dengan pindaan kepada Akta Perhubungan Perusahaan 1967 untuk mewujudkan mahkamah lebih tinggi bagi Mahkamah Perusahaan termasuk meminda Seksyen 20 (3) Akta Perhubungan Perusahaan 1967 berkenaan.

Cadangan Penubuhan Mahkamah Rayuan Perusahaan

Award Mahkamah Perusahaan adalah muktamad dan konklusif, walaubagaimana pun ianya boleh dicabar di Mahkamah Tinggi atas alasan kesilapan undang-undang atau tiada atau melampaui bidang kuasa secara certiorari melalui proses Semakan Kehakiman (Maimunah Aminudin, 2010).

. . .

* Sarjana Muda Undang-Undang, 2001, (Universiti Teknologi MARA), Sarjana Komunikasi Massa, 2005 (Universiti Teknologi MARA). Peguambela & Peguamcara, Peguam Syarie dan Pesuruhjaya Sumpah.

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3. AN EVALUATION OF THE MALAYSIAN PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION ACT 2010 AND THE SINGAPOREAN PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION ACT 2012 ^{[Read excerpt]}
   by Dato' Chris Chin Shang Yoon^[i] Jaganraj Ramachandran^[ii] Marcus Tan Kian Han^[iii] Wan Khairul Anwar Manan^[iv] [2019] 1 LNS(A) lxxxv

[2019] 1 LNS(A) lxxxv



MALAYSIA

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AN EVALUATION OF THE MALAYSIAN PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION ACT 2010 AND
THE SINGAPOREAN PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION ACT 2012

by
Dato' Chris Chin Shang Yoon^[i] Jaganraj Ramachandran^[ii]
Marcus Tan Kian Han^[iii] Wan Khairul Anwar Manan^[iv]

Abstract

In this modern age, personal data is very sensitive; if personal data falls into the wrong hands problems like fraud, misuse of personal information, etc may arise. Malaysia has taken a positive step to protect these personal data by the passing of the Personal Data Protection Act 2010 ("the Malaysian PDPA"). This law is designed to regulate the processing of personal data for purposes limited to commercial transactions^[1] whereas Singapore through the Personal Data Protection Act 2012 ("the Singaporean PDPA") governs the collection, use and disclosure of personal data.^[2] This paper shall explain in depth the different approaches adopted by Malaysia and Singapore in this area including fundamental principles behind the formation of the legislations and the strengths and weaknesses of both legislations.

. . .

[i] DIMP, LL.B (Hons)(London), LL.M (Malaya), CLP, Diploma in Business Studies (Marketing), Advocate & Solicitor of the High Court of Malaya.

[ii] LL.B (Hons) (London), LL.M (Malaya) Lecturer in Law Brickfields Asia College.

[iii] Dip Business Admin, LL.B (Hons) (London), CLP, Advocate & Solicitor of the High Court.

[iv] LL.B (Hons) UITM, LL.M (Malaya).

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